安装依赖
$ python -m pip install --upgrade pip --user $ python -m pip install Pillow --user $ python -m pip install Numpy --user $ python -m pip install OpenCV-Python --user
源代码：
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import os
import sys
if sys.version_info < (3, 0):
import Tkinter as tk # 导入 Tkinter 库
from tkFileDialog import askopenfilename, askdirectory
else :
import tkinter as tk # 导入 Tkinter 库
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename, askdirectory
from PIL import Image, ImageTk, ImageDraw
from time import sleep
import numpy as np
import cv2 as cv
import collections
DEF_WIDTH = 1080
DEF_HEIGHT = 720
IMAGE_HEIGHT = 720
FRAME_LEFT_WIDTH = 360
# 太小的选定区域我们需要丢弃，防止误操作
MINI_RECT_AREA = 20
class RawImageEditor:
def __init__(self, win, img, rects):
#变量X和Y用来记录鼠标左键按下的位置
self.X = tk.IntVar(value=0)
self.Y = tk.IntVar(value=0)
self.sel = False
self.lastDraw = None
self.lastDraws = []
self.imageScale = 1.0
self.dispWidth = DEF_WIDTH # 图片显示区域的最大高度，宽度
self.dispHeight = DEF_HEIGHT
self.rawImage = img
self.calcImageScale(self.rawImage)
self.dispWidth = int(self.imageScale * self.rawImage.width)
self.dispHeight = int(self.imageScale * self.rawImage.height)
# 图片缩放
self.dispImage = self.rawImage.resize((self.dispWidth, self.dispHeight))
# 选择区域
self.selPositions = []
for r in rects :
self.selPositions.append((r[0] * self.imageScale, r[1] * self.imageScale, r[2] * self.imageScale, r[3] * self.imageScale))
#创建顶级组件容器
self.top = tk.Toplevel(win, width=self.dispWidth, height=self.dispHeight)
#不显示最大化、最小化按钮
self.top.overrideredirect(True)
#center window on desktop
nScreenWid, nScreenHei = self.top.maxsize()
winPos = '%sx%s+%s+%s' % (int(self.top.winfo_reqwidth()), int(self.top.winfo_reqheight()), int((nScreenWid - self.top.winfo_reqwidth())/2), int((nScreenHei - self.top.winfo_reqheight())/2))
self.top.geometry(winPos)
# Make topLevelWindow remain on top until destroyed, or attribute changes.
self.top.attributes('-topmost', 'true')
self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self.top, bg='white', width=self.dispWidth, height=self.dispHeight)
self.tkImage = ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.dispImage)
self.canvas.create_image(self.dispWidth//2, self.dispHeight//2, image=self.tkImage)
for r in self.selPositions :
draw = self.canvas.create_rectangle(r[0], r[1], r[2], r[3], outline='green')
self.lastDraws.append(draw)
#鼠标左键按下的位置
def onLeftButtonDown(event):
self.X.set(event.x)
self.Y.set(event.y)
#开始截图
self.sel = True
#重新绘制已经选择的区域
for draw in self.lastDraws :
self.canvas.delete(draw)
self.lastDraws = []
for r in self.selPositions :
draw = self.canvas.create_rectangle(r[0], r[1], r[2], r[3], outline='green')
self.lastDraws.append(draw)
self.canvas.bind('<Button-1>', onLeftButtonDown)
#鼠标左键移动，显示选取的区域
def onLeftButtonMove(event):
if not self.sel:
return
try:
#删除刚画完的图形，要不然鼠标移动的时候是黑乎乎的一片矩形
self.canvas.delete(self.lastDraw)
except Exception as e:
pass
self.lastDraw = self.canvas.create_rectangle(self.X.get(), self.Y.get(), event.x, event.y, outline='green')
self.canvas.bind('<B1-Motion>', onLeftButtonMove)
#获取鼠标左键抬起的位置，保存区域截图
def onLeftButtonUp(event):
if not self.sel:
return
self.sel = False
sleep(0.1)
#考虑鼠标左键从右下方按下而从左上方抬起的截图
left, right = sorted([self.X.get(), event.x])
top, bottom = sorted([self.Y.get(), event.y])
if (right - left) * (bottom - top) > MINI_RECT_AREA :
self.selPositions.append((left,top,right,bottom))
#self.top.destroy()
#鼠标右键按下
def onRightButtonDown(event):
self.sel = False
self.top.destroy()
self.canvas.bind('<Button-2>', onRightButtonDown)
self.canvas.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>', onLeftButtonUp)
self.canvas.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=tk.YES)
def calcImageScale(self, image) :
w = image.width
h = image.height
self.imageScale = 1.0
# 计算最小的缩放比例，保证原始宽高比
if w > self.dispWidth and h > self.dispHeight :
ws = self.dispWidth * 1.0 / w
hs = self.dispHeight * 1.0 / h
if ws < hs :
self.imageScale = ws
else :
self.imageScale = hs
elif w > self.dispWidth and h < self.dispHeight :
self.imageScale = self.dispWidth * 1.0 / w
elif w < self.dispWidth and h > self.dispHeight :
self.imageScale = self.dispHeight * 1.0 / h
def waitForWindow(self, win) :
win.wait_window(self.top)
def selectedPositions(self) :
# 转换为原始像素位置
realPos = []
for r in self.selPositions :
realPos.append((r[0] / self.imageScale, r[1] / self.imageScale, r[2] / self.imageScale, r[3] / self.imageScale))
return realPos
class MainWin(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
if sys.version_info >= (3, 0):
super().__init__()
else :
tk.Tk.__init__(self)
self.title('图像处理工具')
self.geometry('{}x{}'.format(DEF_WIDTH, DEF_HEIGHT))
self.rawImagePath = ''
self.rawImage = None # self.rawImage 原始图像，未经过缩放处理
self.transRawImage = None # self.transRawImage 经过转换处理之后的原始图像，没有经过缩放处理
self.dispImage = None # self.dispImage 显示图像，可能经过缩放处理
self.imageScale = 1.0 # 图片缩放比例，根据缩放比例进行显示的时候的缩放处理，后期选择区域的时候，需要进行缩放还原
self.leftFrameWidth = FRAME_LEFT_WIDTH
self.frameDispHeight = DEF_HEIGHT # 整个窗口的高度
self.labelTextHeight = 18 # 文本标签的高度
self.btnHeight = 30 # 按钮的高度
self.brightnessScale = tk.StringVar() # 亮度比
self.brightnessScale.set('1.0')
self.defSavePath = '' # 默认保存路径
self.imageDispWidth = IMAGE_HEIGHT # 图片显示区域的最大高度，宽度
self.imageDispHeight = self.frameDispHeight / 2 - self.labelTextHeight * 2
self.liRect = collections.OrderedDict() # 选择区域
self.rawImageEditor = None
self.currentListBoxSelIdx = None #当前选择的项目
self.setupUI()
def scaleDisplayImage(self, image) :
w = image.width
h = image.height
self.imageScale = 1.0
# 计算最小的缩放比例，保证原始宽高比
if w > self.imageDispWidth and h > self.imageDispHeight :
ws = self.imageDispWidth * 1.0 / w
hs = self.imageDispHeight * 1.0 / h
if ws < hs :
self.imageScale = ws
else :
self.imageScale = hs
elif w > self.imageDispWidth and h < self.imageDispHeight :
self.imageScale = self.imageDispWidth * 1.0 / w
elif w < self.imageDispWidth and h > self.imageDispHeight :
self.imageScale = self.imageDispHeight * 1.0 / h
# 图片缩放
return image.resize((int(self.imageScale * w), int(self.imageScale * h)))
def loadImageCfgFile(self, imf):
(path, name) = os.path.split(imf)
cfgname = imf + '.txt'
if (not os.path.exists(cfgname)) or (not os.path.isfile(cfgname)) :
cfgname = os.path.join(path, 'mask', name) + '.txt'
if (not os.path.exists(cfgname)) or (not os.path.isfile(cfgname)) :
cfgname = os.path.join(path, 'cfg', name) + '.txt'
self.liRect.clear()
if os.path.exists(cfgname) and os.path.isfile(cfgname) :
with open(cfgname, "r") as f:
lines = f.readlines()
for line in lines:
rs = line.split(',')
r = (float(rs[0].strip()), float(rs[1].strip()), float(rs[2].strip()), float(rs[3].strip()))
if len(rs) > 4 :
self.liRect[r] = rs[4].strip()
else :
self.liRect[r] = ''
# 打开图片时使用，传值（图）给展示函数
def openAndDisplayImage(self):
imF = self.selectImageFile()
if '' != imF :
self.rawImagePath = imF
self.loadImageCfgFile(self.rawImagePath)
self.drawListBox()
self.rawImage = Image.open(self.rawImagePath)
self.rawImage = self.rawImage.convert('RGBA')
self.drawRawImageDisp()
self.image_l_trans.image = None
self.transRawImage = None
def drawListBox(self):
self.l_box.delete(0, tk.END)
for r in self.liRect.keys():
r = '{},{},{},{}'.format(round(r[0],1), round(r[1],1), round(r[2],1), round(r[3],1))
self.l_box.insert(0, r)
def drawRawImageDisp(self, selItems=[]):
self.dispImage = self.scaleDisplayImage(self.rawImage)
self.dispImage = self.dispImage.convert('RGB')
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(self.dispImage)
rs = list(self.liRect.keys())
for i in range(len(rs)) :
r = rs[i]
if i in selItems :
draw.rectangle((r[0] * self.imageScale, r[1] * self.imageScale, r[2] * self.imageScale, r[3] * self.imageScale), outline = "red")
else :
draw.rectangle((r[0] * self.imageScale, r[1] * self.imageScale, r[2] * self.imageScale, r[3] * self.imageScale), outline = "green")
img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.dispImage)
self.image_l_raw.config(image=img)
self.image_l_raw.image = img
def deleteSelectedItemFromListBox(self):
#print(self.l_box.get(self.l_box.curselection()))
idx = self.l_box.curselection()
if len(idx) > 0 and (None == self.rawImageEditor) :
ro = collections.OrderedDict()
rs = self.liRect.keys()
for i in range(len(rs)) :
if i not in idx :
r = rs[i]
ro[r] = self.liRect[r]
self.liRect = ro
self.drawListBox()
self.drawRawImageDisp()
# 打开图片时使用，获得地址
def selectImageFile(self):
path = tk.StringVar()
file_entry = tk.Entry(self, state='readonly', text=path)
path_ = askopenfilename()
path.set(path_)
return file_entry.get()
def rawImageLabelClicked(self, event):
if (None != self.rawImage) and (None == self.rawImageEditor) :
self.rawImageEditor = RawImageEditor(self, self.rawImage, self.liRect.keys())
self.rawImageEditor.waitForWindow(self.image_l_raw)
rs = self.rawImageEditor.selectedPositions()
trs = collections.OrderedDict()
for k in rs :
if k in self.liRect :
trs[k] = self.liRect[k]
else:
trs[k] = ''
self.liRect = trs
self.rawImageEditor = None
self.drawListBox()
self.drawRawImageDisp()
def onRectListboxSelect(self, event):
idx = self.l_box.curselection()
if len(idx) > 0 and (self.currentListBoxSelIdx != idx) :
self.currentListBoxSelIdx = idx
ctx = ''
rs = list(self.liRect.keys())
for i in range(len(self.currentListBoxSelIdx)) :
v = self.currentListBoxSelIdx[i]
k = rs[v]
ctx = ctx + self.liRect[k]
if i < len(self.currentListBoxSelIdx)-1 :
ctx = ctx + ','
self.edtListBoxSel.delete(0, tk.END)
self.edtListBoxSel.insert(0, ctx)
self.drawRawImageDisp(idx)
def onEdtListBoxComplete(self, event):
idx = self.l_box.curselection()
if (len(idx) > 0) and (self.currentListBoxSelIdx == idx) :
ctx = self.edtListBoxSel.get().strip()
ctx = ctx.split(',')
while len(idx) > len(ctx) :
ctx.append('')
rs = list(self.liRect.keys())
n = 0
for i in idx :
r = rs[i]
self.liRect[r] = ctx[n]
n = n + 1
def drawTransImageDisp(self):
transImage = self.scaleDisplayImage(self.transRawImage)
transImage = transImage.convert('L')
img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(transImage)
self.image_l_trans.config(image=img)
self.image_l_trans.image = img
def doTransRawImage(self):
self.transRawImage = Image.new('L', (self.rawImage.width, self.rawImage.height))
rs = self.liRect.keys()
for r in rs :
im = self.rawImage.crop(r)
cv_im = cv.cvtColor(np.asarray(im), cv.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
hsv = cv.cvtColor(cv_im, cv.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
_, _, v = cv.split(hsv)
avg = np.average(v.flatten())
pixels = im.load()
scale = float(self.brightnessScale.get())
for j in range(im.height) :
for i in range(im.width) :
hv = v[j,i]
if hv < avg * scale:
#im.putpixel((i, j), 0) #
pixels[i, j] = 0
'''else :
im.putpixel((i, j), (255, 255, 255, 255))'''
self.transRawImage.paste(im, (int(r[0]),int(r[1])), mask = None)
self.drawTransImageDisp()
def onTransRawImageBtnClicked(self):
if None != self.rawImage :
self.doTransRawImage()
def saveTransCfg(self, pth):
(path,name) = os.path.split(self.rawImagePath)
cfg = os.path.join(pth, 'cfg')
if os.path.exists(cfg) and os.path.isdir(cfg) :
cfgname = os.path.join(cfg, name) + '.txt'
else :
cfgname = os.path.join(pth, name) + '.txt'
with open(cfgname, "w") as f:
for r in self.liRect.keys() :
v = self.liRect[r]
line = '{},{},{},{},{}\n'.format(r[0], r[1], r[2], r[3], v)
f.write(line)
def saveCombinedImage(self, pth):
im_A = cv.cvtColor(np.array(self.rawImage), cv.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
im_B = cv.cvtColor(np.array(self.transRawImage), cv.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
im_AB = np.concatenate([im_A, im_B], 1)
ext = os.path.splitext(self.rawImagePath)[-1]
ext = ext.lower()
name = os.path.basename(self.rawImagePath)
sp = name.split('.')[:-1]
comb = os.path.join(pth, 'comb')
if os.path.exists(comb) and os.path.isdir(comb) :
name = sp[0] + ext
pth = comb
else :
name = sp[0] + '_comb' + ext
path_AB = os.path.join(pth, name)
cv.imwrite(path_AB, im_AB)
def saveTransImage(self, path):
ext = os.path.splitext(self.rawImagePath)[-1]
ext = ext.lower()
(path,name) = os.path.split(self.rawImagePath)
mask = os.path.join(path, 'mask')
fn = name.split('.')[:-1]
if os.path.exists(mask) and os.path.isdir(mask) :
fn = fn[0] + ext
else :
fn = fn[0] + '_mask' + ext
im = os.path.join(mask, fn)
if not im.endswith(ext) :
im = im + ext
self.transRawImage.save(im)
def saveTransInformation(self, path):
if '' != path :
self.saveTransImage(path)
self.saveTransCfg(path)
self.saveCombinedImage(path)
def onSaveTransRawImageBtnClicked(self):
if None != self.transRawImage :
(path,name) = os.path.split(self.rawImagePath)
dirname = askdirectory(initialdir = os.path.expanduser(path), title = '保存结果')
if '' != dirname :
self.defSavePath = dirname
self.saveTransInformation(self.defSavePath)
def onDefaultSaveTransRawImageBtnClicked(self) :
if (None != self.transRawImage) and ('' != self.defSavePath) :
self.saveTransInformation(self.defSavePath)
def setupUI(self):
# 左边菜单栏
left_f = tk.Frame(self, height=self.frameDispHeight, width=self.leftFrameWidth)
left_f.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
# 各种功能按钮名称及位置
btnOpen = tk.Button(left_f, text='打开图像', command=self.openAndDisplayImage)
btnOpen.place(y=25, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
btnTrans = tk.Button(left_f, text='处理图像', command=self.onTransRawImageBtnClicked)
btnTrans.place(y=75, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
l_selRect = tk.Label(left_f, text = '鼠标选定区域')
l_selRect.place(x=0, y=125, width=self.leftFrameWidth, height=self.labelTextHeight)
'''列表'''
self.l_box = tk.Listbox(left_f, exportselection=False) # 创建两个列表组件
self.l_box.place(x=1, y=125+self.labelTextHeight, width=self.leftFrameWidth-2, height=270)
self.l_box.bind('<<ListboxSelect>>', self.onRectListboxSelect)
self.drawListBox()
# 选中列表注释
ledt = tk.Label(left_f, text = '选中区域内容注释（回车结束）：', anchor = 'w')
ledt.place(x=1, y=420, width=self.leftFrameWidth-2)
self.edtListBoxSel = tk.Entry(left_f)
self.edtListBoxSel.place(x=1, y=440, width=self.leftFrameWidth-2)
self.edtListBoxSel.bind('<Return>', self.onEdtListBoxComplete)
# 亮度比例调节
tkScale = tk.Scale(left_f, from_=0.2, to=1.8, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, resolution=0.1, length=self.leftFrameWidth-2, variable=self.brightnessScale, label = '亮度比:')
tkScale.place(x=1, y=480)
# 删除选定项
btnDel = tk.Button(left_f, text='删除选定项', command=self.deleteSelectedItemFromListBox)
btnDel.place(y=550, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
btnSave = tk.Button(left_f, text='保存结果', command=self.onSaveTransRawImageBtnClicked)
btnSave.place(y=600, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
btnDefSave = tk.Button(left_f, text='默认或上次位置保存', command=self.onDefaultSaveTransRawImageBtnClicked)
btnDefSave.place(y=650, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
# 右侧图像显示栏
right_f = tk.Frame(self, height=self.frameDispHeight, width=self.imageDispWidth)
right_f.pack(side=tk.RIGHT)
l_rawT = tk.Label(right_f, text = '原始图片')
l_rawT.place(x=0, y=0, width=self.imageDispWidth, height=self.labelTextHeight)
self.image_l_raw = tk.Label(right_f, relief='ridge')
self.image_l_raw.place(x=0, y=self.labelTextHeight, width=self.imageDispWidth, height=self.imageDispHeight)
self.image_l_raw.bind("<Button-1>",self.rawImageLabelClicked)
l_transT = tk.Label(right_f, text = '处理后图片')
l_transT.place(x=0, y=self.labelTextHeight + self.imageDispHeight, width=self.imageDispWidth, height=self.labelTextHeight)
self.image_l_trans = tk.Label(right_f, relief='ridge')
self.image_l_trans.place(x=0, y=self.labelTextHeight + self.imageDispHeight + self.labelTextHeight, width=self.imageDispWidth, height=self.imageDispHeight)
if __name__ == '__main__' :
win = MainWin()
# 进入消息循环
win.mainloop()
参考链接
- python，一个入门级极简单的图像处理工具（一）
- python，一个入门级极简单的图像处理工具（二）
- Python tkinter 实现本地打开图片进行标注
- Python tkinter Canvas画布完全攻略（超级详细）
- 用python实现选择截图区域
- Python GUI编程(Tkinter)
- Python OpenCV实现鼠标画框
- 用python实现选择截图区域
- OpenCV-Python 选择ROI
- python3.6+opencv3.4实现鼠标交互查看图片像素
- Tkinter Toplevel always in front
- TypeError: __str__ returned non-string (type instance)
- Python Canvas.create_image Examples
- Tkinter tkFileDialog module
- python 调用super()初始化报错“TypeError: super() takes at least 1 argument”
- python – 使用PIL中的Image.point()方法来操作像素数据
- Using the Image.point() method in PIL to manipulate pixel data
- Pixel to pixel edit using PIL and Image.point
- PixelAccess Class
- python tkinter界面居中显示的方法
- MAC 系统中，Tkinter 无法用 中文输入法 输入中文
- macOS下Python的tkinter库Entry输入框无法输入中文问题的原因及解决办法
- IDLE and tkinter with Tcl/Tk on macOS