深海游弋的鱼 – 第 14 页

Ubuntu 16.04上使用crosstool-ng编译Nvidia TX2上使用的boost库

目前在Nvidia TX2上尝试安装ROS Kinetic的时候发现依赖libboost-all-dev，但是自带的源http://ports.ubuntu.com下面没有合适的源，尽管在universe源下面包含libboost-all-dev ，但是实际安装的时候发现安装不上。

因此尝试手工编译最新的boost安装包，建立自己的源。

首先，编译安装最新的crosstool-ng，如下：

$ sudo apt-get install git

$ sudo apt-get install gperf

$ sudo apt-get install bison

$ sudo apt-get install flex

$ sudo apt-get install texinfo

$ sudo apt-get install help2man

$ sudo apt-get install gawk

$ sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev

$ cd ~

$ git clone https://github.com/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng.git

$ cd crosstool-ng

$ git checkout crosstool-ng-1.23.0

$ ./bootstrap

$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local

$ make

$ sudo make install

$ cd ~

$ mkdir tx2

$ cd tx2

#用树莓派的模板作为参考模板即可
$ cp ~/crosstool-ng/samples/aarch64-rpi3-linux-gnueabi/crosstool.config .config

$ ct-ng oldconfig

#默认一路回车即可,如果使用图形界面配置执行 ct-ng menuconfig
 
$ unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH

$ ct-ng build

$ sudo apt-get install git

$ sudo apt-get install gperf

$ sudo apt-get install bison

$ sudo apt-get install flex

$ sudo apt-get install texinfo

$ sudo apt-get install help2man

$ sudo apt-get install gawk

$ sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev

$ cd ~

$ git clone https://github.com/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng.git

$ cd crosstool-ng

$ git checkout crosstool-ng-1.23.0

$ ./bootstrap

$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local

$ make

$ sudo make install

$ cd ~

$ mkdir tx2

$ cd tx2

#用树莓派的模板作为参考模板即可

$ cp ~/crosstool-ng/samples/aarch64-rpi3-linux-gnueabi/crosstool.config .config

$ ct-ng oldconfig

#默认一路回车即可,如果使用图形界面配置执行 ct-ng menuconfig

$ unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH

$ ct-ng build

生成的工具链在~/x-tools/aarch64-rpi3-linux-gnueabi目录下，编译的时候，指定编译工具即可。

安装编译依赖

$ sudo apt-get install devscripts

$ sudo apt-get install cdbs

$ sudo apt-get install python-dev

$ sudo apt-get install libbz2-dev

$ sudo apt-get install devscripts

$ sudo apt-get install cdbs

$ sudo apt-get install python-dev

$ sudo apt-get install libbz2-dev

接着，下载并编译最新的代码

#!/bin/bash
export DEBVERSION=1.58.0-1
if [ ! -d "boost_1_58_0" ]; then
    wget "http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.58.0/boost_1_58_0.tar.bz2" -O boost_1_58_0.tar.bz2
    tar xjvf boost_1_58_0.tar.bz2
fi
cd boost_1_58_0

:<<BLOCK
'export DEBVERSION=1.60.0-1
if [ ! -d "boost_1_60_0" ]; then
 wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.60.0/boost_1_60_0.tar.bz2" -O boost-all_1.60.0.orig.tar.bz2
 tar xjvf boost-all_1.60.0.orig.tar.bz2
fi
cd boost_1_60_0
'
BLOCK

#Build DEB
rm -rf debian
mkdir -p debian
#Use the LICENSE file from nodejs as copying file
touch debian/copying
#Create the changelog (no messages needed)
dch --create -v $DEBVERSION --package libboost-all ""
#Create copyright file
touch debian
#Create control file
cat > debian/control <<EOF
Source: libboost-all
Maintainer: LongSky <wangqiang1588@sina.com>
Section: misc
Priority: optional
Standards-Version: 3.9.2
Build-Depends: debhelper (>= 8), cdbs, libbz2-dev, zlib1g-dev

Package: libboost-all
Architecture: arm64
Depends: \${shlibs:Depends}, \${misc:Depends}, libboost-all (= $DEBVERSION)
Description: Boost library, version $DEBVERSION (shared libraries)

Package: libboost-all-dev
Architecture: any
Depends: libboost-all (= $DEBVERSION)
Description: Boost library, version $DEBVERSION (development files)

Package: libboost-build
Architecture: any
Depends: \${misc:Depends}
Description: Boost Build v2 executable
EOF
#Create rules file
cat > debian/rules <<EOF 
#!/usr/bin/make -f
%:
	dh \$@
override_dh_auto_configure:
	./bootstrap.sh
override_dh_auto_build:
	./b2 link=static,shared -j 1 --prefix=`pwd`/debian/libboost-all/usr/
override_dh_auto_test:
override_dh_auto_install:
	mkdir -p debian/libboost-all/usr debian/libboost-all-dev/usr debian/libboost-build/usr/bin
	./b2 link=static,shared --prefix=`pwd`/debian/libboost-all/usr/ install
	mv debian/libboost-all/usr/include debian/libboost-all-dev/usr
	cp b2 debian/libboost-build/usr/bin
	./b2 install --prefix=`pwd`/debian/libboost-build/usr/ install
EOF
#Create some misc files
echo "8" > debian/compat
mkdir -p debian/source
echo "3.0 (quilt)" > debian/source/format
#Build the package
nice -n19 ionice -c3 debuild -b -d -uc -us

#!/bin/bash

export DEBVERSION=1.58.0-1

if [ ! -d "boost_1_58_0" ]; then

wget "http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.58.0/boost_1_58_0.tar.bz2" -O boost_1_58_0.tar.bz2

tar xjvf boost_1_58_0.tar.bz2

cd boost_1_58_0

:<<BLOCK

'export DEBVERSION=1.60.0-1

if [ ! -d "boost_1_60_0" ]; then

wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.60.0/boost_1_60_0.tar.bz2" -O boost-all_1.60.0.orig.tar.bz2

tar xjvf boost-all_1.60.0.orig.tar.bz2

cd boost_1_60_0

BLOCK

#Build DEB

rm -rf debian

mkdir -p debian

#Use the LICENSE file from nodejs as copying file

touch debian/copying

#Create the changelog (no messages needed)

dch --create -v $DEBVERSION --package libboost-all ""

#Create copyright file

touch debian

#Create control file

cat > debian/control <<EOF

Source: libboost-all

Maintainer: LongSky <wangqiang1588@sina.com>

Section: misc

Priority: optional

Standards-Version: 3.9.2

Build-Depends: debhelper (>= 8), cdbs, libbz2-dev, zlib1g-dev

Package: libboost-all

Architecture: arm64

Depends: \${shlibs:Depends}, \${misc:Depends}, libboost-all (= $DEBVERSION)

Description: Boost library, version $DEBVERSION (shared libraries)

Package: libboost-all-dev

Architecture: any

Depends: libboost-all (= $DEBVERSION)

Description: Boost library, version $DEBVERSION (development files)

Package: libboost-build

Architecture: any

Depends: \${misc:Depends}

Description: Boost Build v2 executable

EOF

#Create rules file

cat > debian/rules <<EOF

#!/usr/bin/make -f

dh \$@

override_dh_auto_configure:

./bootstrap.sh

override_dh_auto_build:

./b2 link=static,shared -j 1 --prefix=`pwd`/debian/libboost-all/usr/

override_dh_auto_test:

override_dh_auto_install:

mkdir -p debian/libboost-all/usr debian/libboost-all-dev/usr debian/libboost-build/usr/bin

./b2 link=static,shared --prefix=`pwd`/debian/libboost-all/usr/ install

mv debian/libboost-all/usr/include debian/libboost-all-dev/usr

cp b2 debian/libboost-build/usr/bin

./b2 install --prefix=`pwd`/debian/libboost-build/usr/ install

EOF

#Create some misc files

echo "8" > debian/compat

mkdir -p debian/source

echo "3.0 (quilt)" > debian/source/format

#Build the package

nice -n19 ionice -c3 debuild -b -d -uc -us

注意，对于boost-1.58来说，当时的代码是没有检测ARM64的功能的，当年也没有ARM64的芯片。因此需要修改{boost_root}/libs/config/checks/architecture/arm.cpp里面的代码，增加ARM64的判断

#if !defined(__arm__) && !defined(__thumb__) && \
    !defined(__TARGET_ARCH_ARM) && !defined(__TARGET_ARCH_THUMB) && \
    !defined(_ARM) && !defined(_M_ARM)
#error "Not ARM"
#endif

#if !defined(__arm__) && !defined(__thumb__) && \

!defined(__TARGET_ARCH_ARM) && !defined(__TARGET_ARCH_THUMB) && \

!defined(_ARM) && !defined(_M_ARM)

#error "Not ARM"

#endif

调整为

#if !defined(__arm__) && !defined(__thumb__) && \
    !defined(__TARGET_ARCH_ARM) && !defined(__TARGET_ARCH_THUMB) && \
    !defined(_ARM) && !defined(_M_ARM) && !defined(__aarch64__)
#error "Not ARM"
#endif

#if !defined(__arm__) && !defined(__thumb__) && \

!defined(__TARGET_ARCH_ARM) && !defined(__TARGET_ARCH_THUMB) && \

!defined(_ARM) && !defined(_M_ARM) && !defined(__aarch64__)

#error "Not ARM"

#endif

参考链接

Ubuntu 16.04.3在使用GeForce GTX 970显卡的电脑上无法安装以及启动的解决方法

最近在一台安装了GeForce GTX 970显卡的机器上，一直无法安装Ubuntu 16.04.3系统的时候，一直卡住在如下界面：

继续阅读Ubuntu 16.04.3在使用GeForce GTX 970显卡的电脑上无法安装以及启动的解决方法

Linux下编辑ISO文件的方法

我们知道Windows下有类似UltraISO的这样的软件可以用来编辑ISO文件，可引导ISO也没有问题。近来在Linux下玩的比较多，正好要改个ISO，于是就开始找Linux下有没有类似的软件。

Ubuntu软件中心里有一款叫ISOMaster的软件，可以创建和修改ISO文件。

继续阅读Linux下编辑ISO文件的方法

OpenCV使用cv::imshow在子线程中更新图片不刷新

在Ubuntu 16.04上测试OpenCV 3.2,遇到一个在子线程中更新图像，而界面不刷新的问题。

$ sudo apt-get install libopencv-dev

1	$ sudo apt-get install libopencv-dev

编译执行如下代码：

#include <pthread.h>
#include <opencv/cv.h>
#include <opencv/highgui.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

void* imshowWorker(void*){
	for(int i = 0;i < 100;i++){
		char str[10+1];
		snprintf(str, 10,"%d",i);
		cv::Mat img = cv::Mat::zeros( 100, 100, CV_8UC3 );  
		cv::putText(img,(char*)str,cv::Point( 50, 50 ),cv::FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,1,cv::Scalar( 255, 0, 0 ));
		cv::imshow("Number View", img ); 
		if(i > 90){
			i = 0;		
		}
	}	
}

int main(void){
	cv::namedWindow("Number View");
	pthread_t id;
	pthread_create(&id,NULL,imshowWorker,NULL);
	getchar();
	return (0);
}

#include <pthread.h>

#include <opencv/cv.h>

#include <opencv/highgui.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

void* imshowWorker(void*){

for(int i = 0;i < 100;i++){

char str[10+1];

snprintf(str, 10,"%d",i);

cv::Mat img = cv::Mat::zeros( 100, 100, CV_8UC3 );

cv::putText(img,(char*)str,cv::Point( 50, 50 ),cv::FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,1,cv::Scalar( 255, 0, 0 ));

cv::imshow("Number View", img );

if(i > 90){

i = 0;

}

int main(void){

cv::namedWindow("Number View");

pthread_t id;

pthread_create(&id,NULL,imshowWorker,NULL);

getchar();

return (0);

}

$ g++ opencv_imshow.cpp   -I `pkg-config --libs opencv` -lpthread -o opencv_imshow

1	$ g++ opencv_imshow.cpp -I `pkg-config --libs opencv` -lpthread -o opencv_imshow

可以看到，上面的代码执行之后，界面并没有出现，即使出现也没有刷新。

这个问题是由于界面更新必须在主线程中执行，需要手工通知主线程。

修改后的代码如下：

#include <pthread.h>
#include <opencv/cv.h>
#include <opencv/highgui.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

void* imshowWorker(void*){
	for(int i = 0;i < 100;i++){
		char str[10+1];
		snprintf(str, 10,"%d",i);
		cv::Mat img = cv::Mat::zeros( 100, 100, CV_8UC3 );  
		cv::putText(img,(char*)str,cv::Point( 50, 50 ),cv::FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,1,cv::Scalar( 255, 0, 0 ));
		cv::imshow("Number View", img ); 
		cv::waitKey(30);
		if(i > 90){
			i = 0;		
		}
	}	
}

int main(void){
	cv::namedWindow("Number View");
	pthread_t id;
	pthread_create(&id,NULL,imshowWorker,NULL);
	getchar();
	return (0);
}

#include <pthread.h>

#include <opencv/cv.h>

#include <opencv/highgui.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

void* imshowWorker(void*){

for(int i = 0;i < 100;i++){

char str[10+1];

snprintf(str, 10,"%d",i);

cv::Mat img = cv::Mat::zeros( 100, 100, CV_8UC3 );

cv::putText(img,(char*)str,cv::Point( 50, 50 ),cv::FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,1,cv::Scalar( 255, 0, 0 ));

cv::imshow("Number View", img );

cv::waitKey(30);

if(i > 90){

i = 0;

}

int main(void){

cv::namedWindow("Number View");

pthread_t id;

pthread_create(&id,NULL,imshowWorker,NULL);

getchar();

return (0);

}

也就是每次更新图片后手工调用代码

cv::waitKey(30);

1	cv::waitKey(30);

这个等候时间，只要大于0即可,比如：

cv::waitKey(1);

1	cv::waitKey(1);

参考链接

c++ opencv image not display inside the boost thread

文件'/var/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloads/partial/adobe-flashplugin_20170912.1.orig.tar.gz'无法被用户'_apt'访问，无法降低权限以进行下载。 - pkgAcquire::Run (13: 权限不够)

最近在更新Ubuntu 16.04系统的时候，发现总是在安装Adobe Flash更新的时候失败，提示如下信息：

正在处理用于 update-notifier-common (3.168.5) 的触发器 ...
flashplugin-installer: processing...
flashplugin-installer: downloading http://archive.canonical.com/pool/partner/a/adobe-flashplugin/adobe-flashplugin_20170912.1.orig.tar.gz
获取:1 http://archive.canonical.com/pool/partner/a/adobe-flashplugin/adobe-flashplugin_20170912.1.orig.tar.gz [30.4 MB]
37% [1 /var/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloads/partial/adobe-flashplugi

已下载 30.4 MB，耗时 10分 11秒 (49.8 kB/s)                                     
W: 文件'/var/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloads/partial/adobe-flashplugin_20170912.1.orig.tar.gz'无法被用户'_apt'访问，无法降低权限以进行下载。 - pkgAcquire::Run (13: 权限不够)
E: 下载失败

正在处理用于 update-notifier-common (3.168.5) 的触发器 ...

flashplugin-installer: processing...

flashplugin-installer: downloading http://archive.canonical.com/pool/partner/a/adobe-flashplugin/adobe-flashplugin_20170912.1.orig.tar.gz

获取:1 http://archive.canonical.com/pool/partner/a/adobe-flashplugin/adobe-flashplugin_20170912.1.orig.tar.gz [30.4 MB]

37% [1 /var/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloads/partial/adobe-flashplugi

已下载 30.4 MB，耗时 10分 11秒 (49.8 kB/s)

W: 文件'/var/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloads/partial/adobe-flashplugin_20170912.1.orig.tar.gz'无法被用户'_apt'访问，无法降低权限以进行下载。 - pkgAcquire::Run (13: 权限不够)

E: 下载失败

如果系统语言是英文的，可能看到下面的信息：

W: Can't drop privileges for downloading as file '/var/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloads/partial/adobe-flashplugin_20170912.1.orig.tar.gz' couldn't be accessed by user '_apt'. - pkgAcquire::Run (13: Permission denied)

1	W: Can't drop privileges for downloading as file '/var/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloads/partial/adobe-flashplugin_20170912.1.orig.tar.gz' couldn't be accessed by user '_apt'. - pkgAcquire::Run (13: Permission denied)

解决方法如下：

$ sudo chown -R _apt:root /var/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloads/partial/

$ sudo rm /var/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloads/partial/*.FAILED

$ sudo apt install --reinstall update-notifier-common

$ sudo apt-get install --reinstall flashplugin-installer

$ sudo chown -R _apt:root /var/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloads/partial/

$ sudo rm /var/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloads/partial/*.FAILED

$ sudo apt install --reinstall update-notifier-common

$ sudo apt-get install --reinstall flashplugin-installer

这样,就可以正常安装更新了。

参考链接

Can't drop privileges for downloading as file '/var/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloads/partial/andale32.exe' couldn't be accessed by user '_apt'. - pkgAcquire::Run (13: Permission denied)

ubuntu 16.04执行letsencrypt的时候报告错误“ImportError: No module named datetime”

网站一直使用letsencrypt提供的HTTPS证书,这个证书的问题在于每隔三个月就必须更新一次，本次更新证书的时候，提示如下错误：

Error: couldn't get currently installed version for /root/.local/share/letsencrypt/bin/letsencrypt:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/root/.local/share/letsencrypt/bin/letsencrypt", line 7, in <module>
    from certbot.main import main
  File "/root/.local/share/letsencrypt/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/certbot/main.py", line 9, in 

<module>
    from acme import jose
  File "/root/.local/share/letsencrypt/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/acme/jose/__init__.py", line 

37, in <module>
    from acme.jose.interfaces import JSONDeSerializable
  File "/root/.local/share/letsencrypt/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/acme/jose/interfaces.py", line 

9, in <module>
    from acme.jose import util
  File "/root/.local/share/letsencrypt/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/acme/jose/util.py", line 4, in 

<module>
    from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import rsa
  File "/root/.local/share/letsencrypt/local/lib/python2.7/site-

packages/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/rsa.py", line 14, in <module>
    from cryptography.hazmat.backends.interfaces import RSABackend
  File "/root/.local/share/letsencrypt/local/lib/python2.7/site-

packages/cryptography/hazmat/backends/__init__.py", line 7, in <module>
    import pkg_resources
  File "/root/.local/share/letsencrypt/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", 

line 36, in <module>
    import plistlib
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/plistlib.py", line 62, in <module>
    import datetime
ImportError: No module named datetime

Error: couldn't get currently installed version for /root/.local/share/letsencrypt/bin/letsencrypt:

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/root/.local/share/letsencrypt/bin/letsencrypt", line 7, in <module>

from certbot.main import main

File "/root/.local/share/letsencrypt/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/certbot/main.py", line 9, in

from acme import jose

File "/root/.local/share/letsencrypt/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/acme/jose/__init__.py", line

37, in <module>

from acme.jose.interfaces import JSONDeSerializable

File "/root/.local/share/letsencrypt/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/acme/jose/interfaces.py", line

9, in <module>

from acme.jose import util

File "/root/.local/share/letsencrypt/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/acme/jose/util.py", line 4, in

from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import rsa

File "/root/.local/share/letsencrypt/local/lib/python2.7/site-

packages/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/asymmetric/rsa.py", line 14, in <module>

from cryptography.hazmat.backends.interfaces import RSABackend

File "/root/.local/share/letsencrypt/local/lib/python2.7/site-

packages/cryptography/hazmat/backends/__init__.py", line 7, in <module>

import pkg_resources

File "/root/.local/share/letsencrypt/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py",

line 36, in <module>

import plistlib

File "/usr/lib/python2.7/plistlib.py", line 62, in <module>

import datetime

ImportError: No module named datetime

错误发生的原因在于letsencrypt自己构建了一个Python的虚拟环境来隔离，但是早期建立的虚拟环境中是缺少部分软件包的，而自身的BUG导致也没有重新更新虚拟环境，导致出现异常。

解决方法就是删除letsencrypt自己构建的Python的虚拟环境，然后继续执行脚本让他重建即可。

$ rm -rf ~/.local/share/letsencrypt

1	$ rm -rf ~/.local/share/letsencrypt

参考链接

Ubuntu 16.04.3/14.04.5系统上修改Docker镜像的存储路径

最近在Ubuntu 16.04.3/14.04.5系统上使用Docker结果由于默认的镜像存储路径在系统分区上，而系统分区又不足够大，导致整个系统都不能正常工作了。

因此我们需要把Docker的镜像存储目录移动到数据分区。

执行如下命令查询默认的存储路径

$ sudo docker info | grep "Docker Root Dir"

1	$ sudo docker info \| grep "Docker Root Dir"

我们看到如下输出

Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker

1	Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker

比较简单的方法是通过软链接的方式来实现,具体命令如下：

$ sudo service docker stop

#我的系统是用户分区足够大
$ sudo mv /var/lib/docker ~/.docker

$ sudo ln -s ~/.docker /var/lib/docker

$ sudo service docker start

$ sudo service docker stop

#我的系统是用户分区足够大

$ sudo mv /var/lib/docker ~/.docker

$ sudo ln -s ~/.docker /var/lib/docker

$ sudo service docker start

参考链接

Ubuntu 14.04系统上安装部署OpenWhisk(本地CouchDB版本)

1.安装配置CouchDB

$ sudo apt-get install -V couchdb

1	$ sudo apt-get install -V couchdb

校验CouchDB是否工作正常

$ curl –k http://127.0.0.1:5984

1	$ curl –k http://127.0.0.1:5984

看到如下输出即可

{"couchdb":"Welcome","uuid":"87586fee02b1149fa06dda7148450d4a","version":"1.5.0","vendor":{"name":"Ubuntu","version":"14.04"}}

1	{"couchdb":"Welcome","uuid":"87586fee02b1149fa06dda7148450d4a","version":"1.5.0","vendor":{"name":"Ubuntu","version":"14.04"}}

2.编译配置OpenWhisk

下载OpenWhisk的源代码

$ sudo apt-get install git

$ cd  ~

$ git clone https://github.com/apache/incubator-openwhisk.git

$ sudo apt-get install git

$ cd ~

$ git clone https://github.com/apache/incubator-openwhisk.git

配置OpenWhisk编译需要的环境

$ cd incubator-openwhisk

# Install all required software
$ cd tools/ubuntu-setup

$ sudo ./all.sh

$ cd incubator-openwhisk

# Install all required software

$ cd tools/ubuntu-setup

$ sudo ./all.sh

执行编译

#返会代码根目录
$ cd ../..

$ sudo ./gradlew distDocker

#返会代码根目录

$ cd ../..

$ sudo ./gradlew distDocker

3.发布并运行OpenWhisk服务

配置运行环境

$ cd ~

$ cd incubator-openwhisk

$ cd ansible

#只在第一次初始化数据库的时候执行这句话
$ sudo ansible-playbook -i environments/local/ setup.yml

$ sudo ansible-playbook -i environments/local/ openwhisk.yml

$ cd ~

$ cd incubator-openwhisk

$ cd ansible

#只在第一次初始化数据库的时候执行这句话

$ sudo ansible-playbook -i environments/local/ setup.yml

$ sudo ansible-playbook -i environments/local/ openwhisk.yml

安装必备软件

#系统自带的版本太低，但是还是需要安装一下，用来解决依赖问题
$ cd ~
$ sudo apt-get install vagrant

$ wget https://releases.hashicorp.com/vagrant/1.9.7/vagrant_1.9.7_x86_64.deb

$ sudo dpkg -i vagrant*.deb

$ sudo apt-get install virtualbox

#系统自带的版本太低，但是还是需要安装一下，用来解决依赖问题

$ cd ~

$ sudo apt-get install vagrant

$ wget https://releases.hashicorp.com/vagrant/1.9.7/vagrant_1.9.7_x86_64.deb

$ sudo dpkg -i vagrant*.deb

$ sudo apt-get install virtualbox

运行测试Demo

$ cd ~/incubator-openwhisk/tools/vagrant

$ ./hello

$ cd ~/incubator-openwhisk/tools/vagrant

$ ./hello

如过想查看刚刚通过vagrant部署完成的镜像系统里面的内容，则执行如下命令:

$ cd ~/incubator-openwhisk/tools/vagrant

$ sudo vagrant ssh

$ cd ~/incubator-openwhisk/tools/vagrant

$ sudo vagrant ssh

如果成功部署了OpenWhisk，那么可以在Docker机器中执行如下代码验证是否可以正常调用

$ cd ~/incubator-openwhisk/tools/vagrant

$ sudo vagrant ssh

$ wsk action invoke /whisk.system/utils/echo -p message hello --result
#输出结果
{
    "message": "hello"
}

$ wsk package list /whisk.system
#输出结果
packages
/whisk.system/watson-textToSpeech                                      shared
/whisk.system/weather                                                  shared
/whisk.system/watson-translator                                        shared
/whisk.system/combinators                                              shared
/whisk.system/samples                                                  shared
/whisk.system/github                                                   shared
/whisk.system/utils                                                    shared
/whisk.system/websocket                                                shared
/whisk.system/slack                                                    shared
/whisk.system/watson-speechToText                                      shared

$ cd ~/incubator-openwhisk/tools/vagrant

$ sudo vagrant ssh

$ wsk action invoke /whisk.system/utils/echo -p message hello --result

#输出结果

{

"message": "hello"

}

$ wsk package list /whisk.system

#输出结果

packages

/whisk.system/watson-textToSpeech shared

/whisk.system/weather shared

/whisk.system/watson-translator shared

/whisk.system/combinators shared

/whisk.system/samples shared

/whisk.system/github shared

/whisk.system/utils shared

/whisk.system/websocket shared

/whisk.system/slack shared

/whisk.system/watson-speechToText shared

外部的机器访问则执行如下命令来验证

$ cd ~/incubator-openwhisk/bin/

#注意参数 -i  --apihost 里指定的地址在部署镜像的时候vagrant脚本中指定的
$ ./wsk -i property set --apihost 192.168.33.13 --namespace guest --auth `cat ~/incubator-openwhisk/ansible/files/auth.guest`

$ ./wsk -i action invoke /whisk.system/utils/echo -p message hello --result
#输出结果 
{ 
"message": "hello" 
}

$ cd ~/incubator-openwhisk/bin/

#注意参数 -i --apihost 里指定的地址在部署镜像的时候vagrant脚本中指定的

$ ./wsk -i property set --apihost 192.168.33.13 --namespace guest --auth `cat ~/incubator-openwhisk/ansible/files/auth.guest`

$ ./wsk -i action invoke /whisk.system/utils/echo -p message hello --result

#输出结果

{

"message": "hello"

}

4.遇到的问题

最大的问题是在编译发布的过程中系统分区被消耗干净，导致编译发布失败。
解决方法如下
1.参照Ubuntu 16.04系统上修改Docker镜像的存储路径介绍的方法调整Docker镜像的存储路径到合适的分区
2.如果使用sudo的方式执行，那么可能会在/root目录下生成虚拟机的镜像文件，同样导致系统分区被消耗，解决方法也是通过软链接的方式把/root目录链接到合适的分区目录

如过执行中遇到如下错误，则增加-i参数即可

$ ./wsk action invoke /whisk.system/utils/echo -p message hello --result
error: Unable to invoke action 'utils/echo': Post https://192.168.33.13/api/v1/namespaces/whisk.system/actions/utils/echo?blocking=true&result=true: x509: cannot validate certificate for 192.168.33.13 because it doesn't contain any IP SANs
Run 'wsk --help' for usage.

$ ./wsk action invoke /whisk.system/utils/echo -p message hello --result

error: Unable to invoke action 'utils/echo': Post https://192.168.33.13/api/v1/namespaces/whisk.system/actions/utils/echo?blocking=true&result=true: x509: cannot validate certificate for 192.168.33.13 because it doesn't contain any IP SANs

Run 'wsk --help' for usage.

参考链接

Ubuntu分析磁盘使用情况

Ubuntu系统上，由于某些原因导致磁盘空间不足，需要分析一下磁盘使用情况，看看是哪个目录或者应用占据了磁盘。

Ubuntu系统默认自带的磁盘分析工具是baobab，如果没有自动安装，可以执行如下命令来手动安装：

$ sudo apt-get install baobab

1	$ sudo apt-get install baobab

这个工具的问题在于，如果直接点击启动，会由于权限问题，无法完整的分析磁盘。

因此，需要在命令行下面用root权限去执行:

$ sudo baobab

1	$ sudo baobab

参考链接

获得ubuntu的版本与Codename

有时我们需要获取ubuntu系统的版本信息，尤其是Codename部分，某些包安装的时候会根据Codename来区分。

打印ubuntu系统的版本信息的命令如下：

$ lsb_release -a

1	$ lsb_release -a

命令输出的结果如下：

No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:	Ubuntu
Description:	Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS
Release:	16.04
Codename:	xenial

No LSB modules are available.

Distributor ID: Ubuntu

Description: Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS

Release: 16.04

Codename: xenial

提取Codename部分的字段的命令如下：

$ lsb_release -a 2>&1| grep Codename | awk '{print $2}'

1	$ lsb_release -a 2>&1\| grep Codename \| awk '{print $2}'

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