深海游弋的鱼 – 第 129 页 – 智障儿童欢乐多

如何查看RedHat Enterprise Linux Server的详细版本号

$ cat /etc/redhat-release

Redhat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.2 (Paladin)

$ cat /etc/redhat-release

Redhat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.2 (Paladin)

Android Studio编译出的APK中一直包含android:debuggable="true"

最近遇到一个比较奇葩的事情，就是编译出来的APK的AndroidManifest.xml中的application标签中一直包含android:debuggable="true"。不管是release版本，还是debug版本，不管如何设置，最终生成的文件中的调试选项一直是处于开启状态。

一时间竟然有些无从下手的感觉。首先确认我们自己的配置文件是没有问题的，那么这个现象一定是引入了某个aar中引入的AndroidManifest.xml中存在这个android:debuggable="true"，导致Android Studio在最终合并AndroidManifest.xml文件的时候，把这个选项给合并进来了。

那么我们既然已经知道引入的地方，因此就只需要针对这种情况进行剖析即可了。

执行gradlew build之后，我们在app\build\intermediates\exploded-aar目录下面可以找到我们引入的全部的依赖的aar。我们只需要逐个分析引入的aar包的AndroidManifest.xml文件即可。

那么比较奇葩，是奇葩在哪里呢？正常情况下，我们引入一个aar包，需要在build.gradle中声明如下：

compile 'com.taobao.android:new-cache:2.3.0.73@aar'

1	compile 'com.taobao.android:new-cache:2.3.0.73@aar'

但是我们从真正的配置选项中看到的却是

compile 'com.taobao.android:new-cache:2.3.0.73'

1	compile 'com.taobao.android:new-cache:2.3.0.73'

按照一般的理解，我们如果没有设置@aar，那么Android Studio应该去下载对应的jar包才对。但是我们从实际的编译过程中看到，Android Studio在没有指定@aar的情况下，依旧默认去服务器上先尝试下载对应的aar，只有当aar找不到的时候才会去下载对应的jar包。而恰好，我们服务器上面两者都是存在的。于是出现了乌龙事件，本来只是需要下载jar包，结果却引入了一个莫名的aar包。而这个aar的开发同学又没有考虑到这种情况，以为用户只会用他提供的jar包。
解决方法还是比较简单的，就是明确告知Android Studio，我们需要的是jar包，也就是增加@jar。如下：

compile 'com.taobao.android:new-cache:2.3.0.73@jar'

1	compile 'com.taobao.android:new-cache:2.3.0.73@jar'

IntelliJ IDEA 2016.2使用Spring 4.3.1.RELEASE,sockjs-1.1.1,stomp-1.2搭建基于Tomcat-7.0.68的WebSocket应用

接着上文IntelliJ IDEA 2016.2使用Spring 4.3.1.RELEASE搭建基于Tomcat-7.0.68的WebSocket应用

上文的最后我们说到，WebSocket是需要定时心跳的，否则会在一段时间后自动断开连接，而更重要的是，不是所有的浏览器都支持WebSocket，早期的IE 10之前的版本就是不支持的，而这一部分的设备其实是不算少的，而sockjs的出现，恰恰好来解决了这个问题。对于不支持WebSocket的浏览器，sockjs使用了多种方式来兼容这种情况，包括使用长轮询等方式，Spring更是内建支持这种方式。

下面我们看如何在上篇文章的基础上，增加对于sockjs的支持。

首先是STOMP的文档官网地址 http://stomp.github.io/
代码的地址为https://github.com/jmesnil/stomp-websocket，项目下面的lib/stomp.js就是我们想要的文件。也可以本站下载stomp.js.zip

接下来sockjs的代码地址https://github.com/sockjs/sockjs-client，项目下面的dist/sockjs-1.1.1.js就是我们想要的文件。也可以本站下载sockjs-1.1.1.js.zip

接下来我们把下载到的文件放到我们工程目录下面的web->resources->javascript目录下面，如下图：

stomp-websockjs-resources

接下来，添加我们需要的com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.8.1,com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.8.1,com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.8.1这三个jar包，增加的方式参照上一篇中对于javax.servlet:javax.servlet-api:3.1.0的操作方法。与上一篇的操作不同的是，这次添加的三个jar包,都要放到编译完成后的War包中。最后的结果如下图：
ToolsJacksonMaven

ToolsJacksonMavenWar

下面，我们开始进行代码的操作，我们在上篇文章中的src->Tools->WebSocket中新增两个源代码文件SockJsController.java,WebJsSocketConfig.java.如下图：

NewJavaSourcesForSockjs

其中的代码如下：
SockJsController.java

package Tools.WebSocket;

import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.SendTo;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

@Controller
public class SockJsController {

        @MessageMapping("/hello")
        @SendTo("/hello/subscribe") /*貌似这个名字可以随意的，主要用在stomp.subscribe时候的名字*/
        public String Hello(String message) throws Exception {
            return new String("Hello");
        }
}

package Tools.WebSocket;

import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping;

import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.SendTo;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

@Controller

public class SockJsController {

@MessageMapping("/hello")

@SendTo("/hello/subscribe") /*貌似这个名字可以随意的，主要用在stomp.subscribe时候的名字*/

public String Hello(String message) throws Exception {

return new String("Hello");

}

WebJsSocketConfig.java

package Tools.WebSocket;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;


@Configuration
@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
public class WebJsSocketConfig  extends AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {
    @Override
    public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry config) {
        config.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/webSocketServer");
    }

    @Override
    public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {
        registry.addEndpoint("/hello").setAllowedOrigins("*").withSockJS();
    }
}

package Tools.WebSocket;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;

import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;

import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;

import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;

@Configuration

@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker

public class WebJsSocketConfig extends AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {

@Override

public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry config) {

config.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/webSocketServer");

}

@Override

public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {

registry.addEndpoint("/hello").setAllowedOrigins("*").withSockJS();

}

然后修改WebSocket.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>WebSocket/SockJS Echo Sample (Adapted from Tomcat's echo sample)</title>
    <style type="text/css">
        #connect-container {
            float: left;
            width: 400px
        }

        #connect-container div {
            padding: 5px;
        }

        #console-container {
            float: left;
            margin-left: 15px;
            width: 400px;
        }

        #console {
            border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
            border-right-color: #999999;
            border-bottom-color: #999999;
            height: 170px;
            overflow-y: scroll;
            padding: 5px;
            width: 100%;
        }

        #console p {
            padding: 0;
            margin: 0;
        }
    </style>

    <script src="./resources/javascript/sockjs-1.1.1.js"></script>
    <script src="./resources/javascript/stomp.js"></script>

    <script type="text/javascript">
        var ws = null;
        var url = null;
        var transports = [];
        var stompClient = null;

        function setConnected(connected) {
            document.getElementById('connect').disabled = connected;
            document.getElementById('disconnect').disabled = !connected;
            document.getElementById('echo').disabled = !connected;
        }

        function connect() {
            if (!url) {
                alert('Select whether to use W3C WebSocket or SockJS');
                return;
            }

            ws = (url.indexOf('sockjs') != -1) ?
                    new SockJS(url,undefined, {transports: transports}) : new WebSocket(url);
            if((url.indexOf('sockjs') != -1)) {
                stompClient = Stomp.over(ws);
                stompClient.connect({}, function(frame) {
                    setConnected(true);
                    log('Connected: ' + frame);
                    stompClient.subscribe('/hello/subscribe', function(message){
                        log(message.body);
                    });
                });
            }else {
                ws.onopen = function () {
                    setConnected(true);
                    log('Info: connection opened.');
                };

                ws.onmessage = function (event) {
                    log('Received: ' + event.data);
                };

                ws.onclose = function (event) {
                    setConnected(false);
                    log('Info: connection closed.');
                    log(event);
                };
            }
        }

        function disconnect() {
            if (ws != null) {
                ws.close();
                ws = null;
            }
            stompClient = null;
            setConnected(false);
        }

        function echo() {
            if(stompClient != null){
                var message = document.getElementById('message').value;
                stompClient.send("/webSocketServer/hello", {}, message);
                log('Sent: ' + message);
            }else {
                if (ws != null) {
                    var message = document.getElementById('message').value;
                    log('Sent: ' + message);
                    ws.send(message);
                } else {
                    alert('connection not established, please connect.');
                }
            }
        }

        function updateUrl(urlPath) {
            if (urlPath.indexOf('sockjs') != -1) {
                url = urlPath;
                document.getElementById('sockJsTransportSelect').style.visibility = 'visible';
            }
            else {
                if (window.location.protocol == 'http:') {
                    url = 'ws://' + window.location.host + urlPath;
                } else {
                    url = 'wss://' + window.location.host + urlPath;
                }
                document.getElementById('sockJsTransportSelect').style.visibility = 'hidden';
            }
        }

        function updateTransport(transport) {
            transports = (transport == 'all') ?  [] : [transport];
        }

        function log(message) {
            var console = document.getElementById('console');
            var p = document.createElement('p');
            p.style.wordWrap = 'break-word';
            p.appendChild(document.createTextNode(message));
            console.appendChild(p);
            while (console.childNodes.length > 25) {
                console.removeChild(console.firstChild);
            }
            console.scrollTop = console.scrollHeight;
        }
    </script>
</head>
<body>
<noscript><h2 style="color: #ff0000">Seems your browser doesn't support Javascript! Websockets
    rely on Javascript being enabled. Please enable
    Javascript and reload this page!</h2></noscript>
<div>
    <div id="connect-container">
        <input id="radio1" type="radio" name="group1" onclick="updateUrl('/webSocketServer');">
        <label for="radio1">W3C WebSocket</label>
        <br>
        <input id="radio2" type="radio" name="group1" onclick="updateUrl('/webSocketServer/sockjs/hello');">
        <label for="radio2">SockJS</label>
        <div id="sockJsTransportSelect" style="visibility:hidden;">
            <span>SockJS transport:</span>
            <select onchange="updateTransport(this.value)">
                <option value="all">all</option>
                <option value="websocket">websocket</option>
                <option value="xhr-polling">xhr-polling</option>
                <option value="jsonp-polling">jsonp-polling</option>
                <option value="xhr-streaming">xhr-streaming</option>
                <option value="iframe-eventsource">iframe-eventsource</option>
                <option value="iframe-htmlfile">iframe-htmlfile</option>
            </select>
        </div>
        <div>
            <button id="connect" onclick="connect();">Connect</button>
            <button id="disconnect" disabled="disabled" onclick="disconnect();">Disconnect</button>
        </div>
        <div>
            <textarea id="message" style="width: 350px">Here is a message!</textarea>
        </div>
        <div>
            <button id="echo" onclick="echo();" disabled="disabled">Echo message</button>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div id="console-container">
        <div id="console"></div>
    </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

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<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<title>WebSocket/SockJS Echo Sample (Adapted from Tomcat's echo sample)</title>

#connect-container {

float: left;

width: 400px

}

#connect-container div {

padding: 5px;

}

#console-container {

float: left;

margin-left: 15px;

width: 400px;

}

#console {

border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;

border-right-color: #999999;

border-bottom-color: #999999;

height: 170px;

overflow-y: scroll;

padding: 5px;

width: 100%;

}

#console p {

padding: 0;

margin: 0;

}

</style>

var ws = null;

var url = null;

var transports = [];

var stompClient = null;

function setConnected(connected) {

document.getElementById('connect').disabled = connected;

document.getElementById('disconnect').disabled = !connected;

document.getElementById('echo').disabled = !connected;

}

function connect() {

if (!url) {

alert('Select whether to use W3C WebSocket or SockJS');

return;

}

ws = (url.indexOf('sockjs') != -1) ?

new SockJS(url,undefined, {transports: transports}) : new WebSocket(url);

if((url.indexOf('sockjs') != -1)) {

stompClient = Stomp.over(ws);

stompClient.connect({}, function(frame) {

setConnected(true);

log('Connected: ' + frame);

stompClient.subscribe('/hello/subscribe', function(message){

log(message.body);

});

}else {

ws.onopen = function () {

setConnected(true);

log('Info: connection opened.');

};

ws.onmessage = function (event) {

log('Received: ' + event.data);

};

ws.onclose = function (event) {

setConnected(false);

log('Info: connection closed.');

log(event);

};

}

function disconnect() {

if (ws != null) {

ws.close();

ws = null;

}

stompClient = null;

setConnected(false);

}

function echo() {

if(stompClient != null){

var message = document.getElementById('message').value;

stompClient.send("/webSocketServer/hello", {}, message);

log('Sent: ' + message);

}else {

if (ws != null) {

var message = document.getElementById('message').value;

log('Sent: ' + message);

ws.send(message);

} else {

alert('connection not established, please connect.');

}

function updateUrl(urlPath) {

if (urlPath.indexOf('sockjs') != -1) {

url = urlPath;

document.getElementById('sockJsTransportSelect').style.visibility = 'visible';

}

else {

if (window.location.protocol == 'http:') {

url = 'ws://' + window.location.host + urlPath;

} else {

url = 'wss://' + window.location.host + urlPath;

}

document.getElementById('sockJsTransportSelect').style.visibility = 'hidden';

}

function updateTransport(transport) {

transports = (transport == 'all') ? [] : [transport];

}

function log(message) {

var console = document.getElementById('console');

var p = document.createElement('p');

p.style.wordWrap = 'break-word';

p.appendChild(document.createTextNode(message));

console.appendChild(p);

while (console.childNodes.length > 25) {

console.removeChild(console.firstChild);

}

console.scrollTop = console.scrollHeight;

}

</script>

</head>

<body>

rely on Javascript being enabled. Please enable

Javascript and reload this page!</h2></noscript>

<div>

<label for="radio1">W3C WebSocket</label>

<br>

<label for="radio2">SockJS</label>

<span>SockJS transport:</span>

<option value="websocket">websocket</option>

<option value="xhr-polling">xhr-polling</option>

<option value="jsonp-polling">jsonp-polling</option>

<option value="xhr-streaming">xhr-streaming</option>

<option value="iframe-eventsource">iframe-eventsource</option>

<option value="iframe-htmlfile">iframe-htmlfile</option>

</select>

</div>

<div>

<button id="connect" onclick="connect();">Connect</button>

<button id="disconnect" disabled="disabled" onclick="disconnect();">Disconnect</button>

</div>

<div>

<textarea id="message" style="width: 350px">Here is a message!</textarea>

</div>

<div>

<button id="echo" onclick="echo();" disabled="disabled">Echo message</button>

</div>

</div>

</body>

</html>

最后，我们修改web->WEB-INF->web.xml，在其中增加

<servlet-mapping>
	<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
	<url-pattern>/webSocketServer/sockjs/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/webSocketServer/sockjs/*</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

修改后的最终结果如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>Tools.Filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilterEx</filter-class>
        <async-supported>true</async-supported>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        <async-supported>true</async-supported>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.form</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/webSocketServer/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/webSocketServer/sockjs/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"

version="3.1">

<context-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>

</context-param>

<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

<filter-class>Tools.Filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilterEx</filter-class>

<async-supported>true</async-supported>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>

<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

</listener>

<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

<async-supported>true</async-supported>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.form</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/webSocketServer/*</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/webSocketServer/sockjs/*</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

参考链接

Android Studio 2.1.3配置Robolectric-3.0,Powermock-1.6.5单元测试环境

Android Studio提供了比较方便的单元测试，但是由于Android系统的限制(Classloader是Google自己实现的，Powermock无法修改底层的bytecode)，目前Powermock还没办法直接在设备上执行测试，但是我们代码中难免存在一些静态对象，需要测试的时候，只能求助于Powermock与Robolectric的组合。
具体的配置如下:
1.首先在需要测试的项目的build.gradle中声明需要使用Powermock与Robolectric。

testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
testCompile 'org.powermock:powermock-api-mockito:1.6.5'
testCompile 'org.powermock:powermock-module-junit4-rule:1.6.5'
testCompile 'org.powermock:powermock-module-junit4:1.6.5'
testCompile "org.powermock:powermock-classloading-xstream:1.6.5"
/*不可使用3.1.x版本，3.1.x版本无法与PowerMock配合测试，运行时候直接报错*/
testCompile 'org.robolectric:robolectric:3.0'

testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'

testCompile 'org.powermock:powermock-api-mockito:1.6.5'

testCompile 'org.powermock:powermock-module-junit4-rule:1.6.5'

testCompile 'org.powermock:powermock-module-junit4:1.6.5'

testCompile "org.powermock:powermock-classloading-xstream:1.6.5"

/*不可使用3.1.x版本，3.1.x版本无法与PowerMock配合测试，运行时候直接报错*/

testCompile 'org.robolectric:robolectric:3.0'

2.定义测试基类，在基类中声明一些必备的设置
AbsRobolectricPowerMockTest.java

import android.os.Build;

import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PowerMockIgnore;
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner;
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunnerDelegate;
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.rule.PowerMockRule;
import org.robolectric.RobolectricGradleTestRunner;
import org.robolectric.annotation.Config;

/**
 * Created by longsky.wq on 2016/8/22.
 */
@PowerMockRunnerDelegate(RobolectricGradleTestRunner.class)
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@Config(constants = BuildConfig.class,
        sdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1)
@PowerMockIgnore({"org.mockito.*", "org.robolectric.*", "android.*","javax.crypto.","java.security.*"})
abstract public class AbsRobolectricPowerMockTest {
    @Rule
    public PowerMockRule rule = new PowerMockRule();
}

import android.os.Build;

import org.junit.Rule;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PowerMockIgnore;

import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner;

import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunnerDelegate;

import org.powermock.modules.junit4.rule.PowerMockRule;

import org.robolectric.RobolectricGradleTestRunner;

import org.robolectric.annotation.Config;

/**

* Created by longsky.wq on 2016/8/22.

@PowerMockRunnerDelegate(RobolectricGradleTestRunner.class)

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)

@Config(constants = BuildConfig.class,

sdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1)

@PowerMockIgnore({"org.mockito.*", "org.robolectric.*", "android.*","javax.crypto.","java.security.*"})

abstract public class AbsRobolectricPowerMockTest {

@Rule

public PowerMockRule rule = new PowerMockRule();

}

3.定义真正的测试子类
DeckardActivityTest.java

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito;
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest;

import static junit.framework.Assert.assertTrue;

@PrepareForTest(Static.class)
public class DeckardActivityTest extends AbsRobolectricPowerMockTest {
    @Test
    public void testStaticMocking() {
        /*如果如下断言失败，说明Robolectric环境没有初始化成功，说明配置存在问题*/
        Assert.assertNotNull(RuntimeEnvironment.application);
        
        PowerMockito.mockStatic(Static.class);
        Mockito.when(Static.staticMethod()).thenReturn("hello mock");

        assertTrue(Static.staticMethod().equals("hello mock"));
    }
}

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.Assert;

import org.mockito.Mockito;

import org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito;

import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest;

import static junit.framework.Assert.assertTrue;

@PrepareForTest(Static.class)

public class DeckardActivityTest extends AbsRobolectricPowerMockTest {

@Test

public void testStaticMocking() {

/*如果如下断言失败，说明Robolectric环境没有初始化成功，说明配置存在问题*/

Assert.assertNotNull(RuntimeEnvironment.application);

PowerMockito.mockStatic(Static.class);

Mockito.when(Static.staticMethod()).thenReturn("hello mock");

assertTrue(Static.staticMethod().equals("hello mock"));

}

注意，参考链接中的内容不可完全相信，按照参考链接中的配置（Robolectric-3.1.2+PowerMock-1.6.5），一般会遇到如下问题（看上去很怪异，其实是由于不同的classloader同时加载了相同的类，导致尽管类名是相同的，但是依旧无法进行类型转换）：

com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.ConversionException: Could not call org.apache.tools.ant.Project$AntRefTable.readObject() : Cannot convert type org.apache.tools.ant.Project to type org.apache.tools.ant.Project
---- Debugging information ----
class               : org.apache.tools.ant.types.FileSet
required-type       : org.apache.tools.ant.types.FileSet
converter-type      : com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.ReflectionConverter
path                : /org.powermock.modules.junit4.rule.PowerMockStatement$1/outer-class/fNext/this$1/outer-class/dependencyResolver/dependencyResolver/project/references/hashtable/org.apache.tools.ant.types.FileSet/project
line number         : 167
-------------------------------
message             : Could not call org.apache.tools.ant.Project$AntRefTable.readObject()
cause-exception     : com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.ConversionException
cause-message       : Cannot convert type org.apache.tools.ant.Project to type org.apache.tools.ant.Project
class               : org.apache.tools.ant.Project$AntRefTable
required-type       : org.apache.tools.ant.types.FileSet
converter-type      : com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.SerializableConverter
path                : /org.powermock.modules.junit4.rule.PowerMockStatement$1/outer-class/fNext/this$1/outer-class/dependencyResolver/dependencyResolver/project/references/hashtable/org.apache.tools.ant.types.FileSet/project
line number         : 167
class[1]            : org.apache.tools.ant.Project
converter-type[1]   : com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.ReflectionConverter
class[2]            : org.robolectric.internal.dependency.MavenDependencyResolver
class[3]            : org.robolectric.internal.dependency.CachedDependencyResolver
class[4]            : org.robolectric.RobolectricGradleTestRunner
class[5]            : org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$HelperTestRunner
class[6]            : org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$HelperTestRunner$1
class[7]            : org.powermock.modules.junit4.rule.PowerMockStatement
class[8]            : org.powermock.modules.junit4.rule.PowerMockStatement$1
version             : not available
-------------------------------

	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.util.SerializationMembers.callReadObject(SerializationMembers.java:133)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.SerializableConverter.doUnmarshal(SerializableConverter.java:455)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:263)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:65)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshallField(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:480)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.doUnmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:412)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:263)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:65)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshallField(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:480)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.doUnmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:412)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:263)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:65)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshallField(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:480)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.doUnmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:412)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:263)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:65)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshallField(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:480)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.doUnmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:412)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:263)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:65)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshallField(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:480)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.doUnmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:412)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:263)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:65)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshallField(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:480)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.doUnmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:412)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:263)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:65)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshallField(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:480)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.doUnmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:412)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:263)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:65)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshallField(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:480)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.doUnmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:412)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:263)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:65)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:50)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.start(TreeUnmarshaller.java:134)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractTreeMarshallingStrategy.unmarshal(AbstractTreeMarshallingStrategy.java:32)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream.unmarshal(XStream.java:1206)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream.unmarshal(XStream.java:1190)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream.fromXML(XStream.java:1061)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream.fromXML(XStream.java:1052)
	at org.powermock.classloading.DeepCloner.clone(DeepCloner.java:54)
	at org.powermock.classloading.AbstractClassloaderExecutor.executeWithClassLoader(AbstractClassloaderExecutor.java:56)
	at org.powermock.classloading.SingleClassloaderExecutor.execute(SingleClassloaderExecutor.java:67)
	at org.powermock.classloading.AbstractClassloaderExecutor.execute(AbstractClassloaderExecutor.java:43)
	at org.powermock.modules.junit4.rule.PowerMockStatement.evaluate(PowerMockRule.java:75)
	at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$2.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:250)
	at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:176)
	at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:49)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
	at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$1.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:142)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
	at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.DelegatingPowerMockRunner$2.call(DelegatingPowerMockRunner.java:148)
	at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.DelegatingPowerMockRunner$2.call(DelegatingPowerMockRunner.java:140)
	at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.DelegatingPowerMockRunner.withContextClassLoader(DelegatingPowerMockRunner.java:131)
	at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.DelegatingPowerMockRunner.run(DelegatingPowerMockRunner.java:140)
	at org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.run(JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.java:121)
	at org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.run(AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.java:53)
	at org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner.run(PowerMockRunner.java:59)
	at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
	at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:69)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:234)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:74)
Caused by: com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.ConversionException: Cannot convert type org.apache.tools.ant.Project to type org.apache.tools.ant.Project
---- Debugging information ----
class               : org.apache.tools.ant.types.FileSet
required-type       : org.apache.tools.ant.types.FileSet
converter-type      : com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.ReflectionConverter
path                : /org.powermock.modules.junit4.rule.PowerMockStatement$1/outer-class/fNext/this$1/outer-class/dependencyResolver/dependencyResolver/project/references/hashtable/org.apache.tools.ant.types.FileSet/project
line number         : 167
-------------------------------
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.doUnmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:439)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:263)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:65)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:50)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.SerializableConverter$2.readFromStream(SerializableConverter.java:337)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.util.CustomObjectInputStream.readObjectOverride(CustomObjectInputStream.java:120)
	at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject(ObjectInputStream.java:364)
	at java.util.Hashtable.readObject(Hashtable.java:996)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
	at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.util.SerializationMembers.callReadObject(SerializationMembers.java:125)
	... 86 more

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com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.ConversionException: Could not call org.apache.tools.ant.Project$AntRefTable.readObject() : Cannot convert type org.apache.tools.ant.Project to type org.apache.tools.ant.Project

---- Debugging information ----

class : org.apache.tools.ant.types.FileSet

required-type : org.apache.tools.ant.types.FileSet

converter-type : com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.ReflectionConverter

path : /org.powermock.modules.junit4.rule.PowerMockStatement$1/outer-class/fNext/this$1/outer-class/dependencyResolver/dependencyResolver/project/references/hashtable/org.apache.tools.ant.types.FileSet/project

line number : 167

-------------------------------

message : Could not call org.apache.tools.ant.Project$AntRefTable.readObject()

cause-exception : com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.ConversionException

cause-message : Cannot convert type org.apache.tools.ant.Project to type org.apache.tools.ant.Project

class : org.apache.tools.ant.Project$AntRefTable

required-type : org.apache.tools.ant.types.FileSet

converter-type : com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.SerializableConverter

line number : 167

class[1] : org.apache.tools.ant.Project

converter-type[1] : com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.ReflectionConverter

class[2] : org.robolectric.internal.dependency.MavenDependencyResolver

class[3] : org.robolectric.internal.dependency.CachedDependencyResolver

class[4] : org.robolectric.RobolectricGradleTestRunner

class[5] : org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$HelperTestRunner

class[6] : org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$HelperTestRunner$1

class[7] : org.powermock.modules.junit4.rule.PowerMockStatement

class[8] : org.powermock.modules.junit4.rule.PowerMockStatement$1

version : not available

-------------------------------

at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.util.SerializationMembers.callReadObject(SerializationMembers.java:133)

at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.SerializableConverter.doUnmarshal(SerializableConverter.java:455)

at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:263)

at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convert(TreeUnmarshaller.java:72)

at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.convert(AbstractReferenceUnmarshaller.java:65)

at com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.TreeUnmarshaller.convertAnother(TreeUnmarshaller.java:66)

at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.unmarshallField(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:480)

at com.thoughtworks.xstream.converters.reflection.AbstractReflectionConverter.doUnmarshal(AbstractReflectionConverter.java:412)