深海游弋的鱼 – 第 62 页 – 智障儿童欢乐多

群晖(Synology) DS718+希捷酷狼(Seagate IronWolf)12TB空闲发出持续噪声

群晖(Synology) DS718+ 使用希捷酷狼(Seagate IronWolf) 双12TB组成RAID1阵列，结果每隔几秒就会发出一阵子咳咳咳的噪声（有人说是炒豆子声音），尤其是夜深人静的时候，简直无法容忍。

网上查询了很久，发现这个问题非常普遍。

【硬盘噪音的由来】 
噪音虽然不是直接衡量硬盘性能的标准，但是经常听到一阵阵硬盘乱响毕竟不是一件让人舒心的事。纵观硬盘的发展历史，可以发现硬盘的噪音实际上和硬盘的转速是成正比的：转速每提高一个档次，噪音等级都会相应提高。 
尽管现在7200转的硬盘已经改进不少，成为了市场的主流，但噪音仍然是要高于5400转的硬盘。通常硬盘内部有两个电机，一个是驱动硬盘旋转的主轴电机，该电机过去是主要的噪音和热量源，但是现在有很多厂家开始使用液态轴承电机，它使用的是黏膜液油轴承，以油膜代替滚珠，可有效的降低因金属磨擦而产生的噪声和发热问题。 
同时液油轴承也可有效的吸收震动，使硬盘的抗震能力得到提高，由此硬盘的寿命与可靠性也可以得到提高。
但是另外还有一寻道电机，由于技术和成本上的原因，该电机还没有采用液态轴承电机，我们平时听到硬盘发出的“答，答”声，就是由它发出的。

【硬盘噪音的由来】

噪音虽然不是直接衡量硬盘性能的标准，但是经常听到一阵阵硬盘乱响毕竟不是一件让人舒心的事。纵观硬盘的发展历史，可以发现硬盘的噪音实际上和硬盘的转速是成正比的：转速每提高一个档次，噪音等级都会相应提高。

尽管现在7200转的硬盘已经改进不少，成为了市场的主流，但噪音仍然是要高于5400转的硬盘。通常硬盘内部有两个电机，一个是驱动硬盘旋转的主轴电机，该电机过去是主要的噪音和热量源，但是现在有很多厂家开始使用液态轴承电机，它使用的是黏膜液油轴承，以油膜代替滚珠，可有效的降低因金属磨擦而产生的噪声和发热问题。

同时液油轴承也可有效的吸收震动，使硬盘的抗震能力得到提高，由此硬盘的寿命与可靠性也可以得到提高。

但是另外还有一寻道电机，由于技术和成本上的原因，该电机还没有采用液态轴承电机，我们平时听到硬盘发出的“答，答”声，就是由它发出的。

如果是DSM 6.2之前的系统，存在一个磁头反复复位唤醒的BUG，导致磁盘寿命明显缩短。这个原因是由于磁头的复位次数是有上限的，超过上限就容易故障。这个问题的表现就是SMART信息中的Load_Cycle_Count(Load/Unload_Count)异常增高。噪声的一个原因也就是磁头的复位声。

通常，硬盘制造商规定的Load_Cycle_Count(Load/Unload_Count)数目上限是600,000次，要是超过300,000次就会影响到正常的读写，再多的话就差不多要报废了。

参考群晖论坛的讨论 Seagate NAS drives constant clicking noises when idle

但是我的系统是DSM 6.2.2-24922 Update 4，这个问题已经被修复了，目前观察了一下，这个数字已经不再增长了。

这个噪声其实是读写频率低的情况下，磁头默认会回到一个安全区，在这个安全区，即使由于硬盘的意外震动，磁头发生磕碰，也不会磕碰到磁盘区域，提升震动安全。但是带来的问题是磁头进入或者离开安全区的时候，会发出一阵噪声。这个声音非常吵。这也就是为什么官方网站在回应对于噪声很大的磁盘驱动器我应该怎么办？说这个问题没办法解决的原因。

上述故障的典型表现是 当磁盘负载很高的时候，噪声低很多，低负载的时候，每隔几秒就会发出非常高的噪声。

当年，迈拓的硬盘存在一个名为AMM的技术，可以通过一些指令如ATA指令或专用软件对它进行操作，使得寻道时的噪音跟空闲时差不多。但是，AMM降低了硬盘在速度变化瞬间的启动速度，在突发数据传输率上会对硬盘造成一定影响，使得硬盘的性能出现短暂下降。不过，从平均工作性能来说，由于持续传输率并不受启动速度的唯一影响，因此在整体性能上来说问题不大。迈拓的Acoustic Management(声音管理)设置工具。

可惜，希捷酷狼(Seagate IronWolf)12TB已经不支持这个功能了。

亚马逊有个回答

Short answer: No Seagate Ironwolf Pro HDD's do not support the obsolete AAM protocols. They have rotational vibration sensors and dampers which make the drive quiet.

Long answer: Automatic Acoustic Management (AAM) was a feature popularized by WD in which the spin up rate of the disks in a HDD was slowed down to reduce vibration and noise. This feature was declared obsolete in the 2010 ATA protocols because it made the drive spin up slowly and increased access times. Seagate Ironwolf Pro NAS drives are made to run 24/7/365 @ 7200 rpm. These drives spin up as quickly as any HDD that I ever tried including 15,000 rpm drives. They are not "green drives" which spin down and back up to conserve energy. The drives have rotational vibration sensors and self correct for drive eccentricities. The result is that the Ironwolf and Ironwolf Pro HDD's are very quiet. I have WD Reds, HGST's, and Toshiba drives along with Seagate Ironwolf and Ironwolf Pro 4TB, 6TB, 8TB, 10TB and 12 TB drives. The Seagate Ironwolf and Ironwolf Pro drives are the quietest drives of all the drives I own.

Short answer: No Seagate Ironwolf Pro HDD's do not support the obsolete AAM protocols. They have rotational vibration sensors and dampers which make the drive quiet.

Long answer: Automatic Acoustic Management (AAM) was a feature popularized by WD in which the spin up rate of the disks in a HDD was slowed down to reduce vibration and noise. This feature was declared obsolete in the 2010 ATA protocols because it made the drive spin up slowly and increased access times. Seagate Ironwolf Pro NAS drives are made to run 24/7/365 @ 7200 rpm. These drives spin up as quickly as any HDD that I ever tried including 15,000 rpm drives. They are not "green drives" which spin down and back up to conserve energy. The drives have rotational vibration sensors and self correct for drive eccentricities. The result is that the Ironwolf and Ironwolf Pro HDD's are very quiet. I have WD Reds, HGST's, and Toshiba drives along with Seagate Ironwolf and Ironwolf Pro 4TB, 6TB, 8TB, 10TB and 12 TB drives. The Seagate Ironwolf and Ironwolf Pro drives are the quietest drives of all the drives I own.

虽然发出评论的人否认自己是托，但是从我一张12TB的WD红盘跟Ironwolf的对比来看，WD红盘安静的根本听不到噪声，Ironwolf吵得很。

虽然不支持AMM，但是官方提供的控制工具SeaChestUtilities （本站链接 SeaChestUtilities）中的SeaChest_Configure工具（这个工具解压缩到群晖chmod +x后就可以执行）提供了一个名为 --lowCurrentSpinup 的参数，这个参数的说明如下：

Low Current SpinUP  
     
     After System Up,
     Each time they go StandBy, it stop spinning the plates, and park its heads..

     But the problem is,
     Each time you request access, they will need to start spinning the plates, and moving heads to read/write..
 
     This start process, is painful, for power Consumption, and creates more vibration( it pushs several Amps in spikes for that.. )..

     So to minimise it,
     Seagate Disks have a Feature, to start spinning in a progressive way, instead of abrupt way.

Low Current SpinUP

After System Up,

Each time they go StandBy, it stop spinning the plates, and park its heads..

But the problem is,

Each time you request access, they will need to start spinning the plates, and moving heads to read/write..

This start process, is painful, for power Consumption, and creates more vibration( it pushs several Amps in spikes for that.. )..

So to minimise it,

Seagate Disks have a Feature, to start spinning in a progressive way, instead of abrupt way.

看上去这个参数可以实现降噪功能，实际上没什么效果！执行命令如下：

$ sudo ./SeaChest_Configure_1170_11923_64 -d /dev/sg0 --lowCurrentSpinup low
==========================================================================================
 SeaChest_Configure - Seagate drive utilities - NVMe Enabled
 Copyright (c) 2014-2019 Seagate Technology LLC and/or its Affiliates, All Rights Reserved
 SeaChest_Configure Version: 1.17.0-1_19_23 X86_64
 Build Date: Jun 10 2019
 Today: Sun May 17 22:26:50 2020
==========================================================================================

/dev/sg0 - ST12000VN0008-2JH101 - ZHZ4XKKY - ATA
Set Low Current Spinup
Successfully Enabled Ultra Low Current Spinup!
A power cycle is required to complete this change.

$ sudo ./SeaChest_Configure_1170_11923_64 -d /dev/sg0 --lowCurrentSpinup low

==========================================================================================

SeaChest_Configure - Seagate drive utilities - NVMe Enabled

SeaChest_Configure Version: 1.17.0-1_19_23 X86_64

Build Date: Jun 10 2019

Today: Sun May 17 22:26:50 2020

==========================================================================================

/dev/sg0 - ST12000VN0008-2JH101 - ZHZ4XKKY - ATA

Set Low Current Spinup

Successfully Enabled Ultra Low Current Spinup!

A power cycle is required to complete this change.

low ,ultra两个参数都试过，没明显感觉到不同。

接下来，想在电源管理上看一下是不是能解决问题，比如降低转速等，结果依旧没用。老的Advanced Power Management (APM)被新的Extended Power Controls (EPC)功能取代了，具体解释如下：

There are, roughly, three general frameworks for disk drive power management.
The earlier specification is part of Advanced Power Management (APM) which
provided controls over many devices in a system, including disk drives.  APM
has since been replaced by a new framework called Extended Power Controls
(EPC).  Seagate's implementation of EPC began to phase in starting in 2010 and
is named by the marketing term "PowerChoice".  Seagate PowerChoice
technology'specifically developed for enterprise environments'offers more
energy efficiency and control over the amount of power hard drives consume.

There are, roughly, three general frameworks for disk drive power management.

The earlier specification is part of Advanced Power Management (APM) which

provided controls over many devices in a system, including disk drives. APM

has since been replaced by a new framework called Extended Power Controls

(EPC). Seagate's implementation of EPC began to phase in starting in 2010 and

is named by the marketing term "PowerChoice". Seagate PowerChoice

technology'specifically developed for enterprise environments'offers more

energy efficiency and control over the amount of power hard drives consume.

尝试用工具中的电源管理模块，结果依旧根本设置不了,如下：

$ sudo ./SeaChest_PowerControl_1100__11923_64  -d /dev/sg0 --EPCfeature disable
==========================================================================================
 SeaChest_PowerControl - Seagate drive utilities - NVMe Enabled
 Copyright (c) 2014-2019 Seagate Technology LLC and/or its Affiliates, All Rights Reserved
 SeaChest_PowerControl Version: 1.10.0-1_19_23 X86_64
 Build Date: Jun 10 2019
 Today: Sat May 16 23:05:56 2020
==========================================================================================

/dev/sg1 - ST12000VN0008-2JH101 - ZHZ54BTB - ATA
Failed to send EPC command to /dev/sg1.
EPC Feature set might not be supported.
Or EPC Feature might already be in the desired state.

$ sudo ./SeaChest_PowerControl_1100__11923_64 -d /dev/sg0 --EPCfeature disable

==========================================================================================

SeaChest_PowerControl - Seagate drive utilities - NVMe Enabled

SeaChest_PowerControl Version: 1.10.0-1_19_23 X86_64

Build Date: Jun 10 2019

Today: Sat May 16 23:05:56 2020

==========================================================================================

/dev/sg1 - ST12000VN0008-2JH101 - ZHZ54BTB - ATA

Failed to send EPC command to /dev/sg1.

EPC Feature set might not be supported.

Or EPC Feature might already be in the desired state.

工具的功能挺全的，能查到硬盘的很多信息，如下：

$ sudo ./SeaChest_Configure_1170_11923_64 -d /dev/sg1 -i
==========================================================================================
 SeaChest_Configure - Seagate drive utilities - NVMe Enabled
 Copyright (c) 2014-2019 Seagate Technology LLC and/or its Affiliates, All Rights Reserved
 SeaChest_Configure Version: 1.17.0-1_19_23 X86_64
 Build Date: Jun 10 2019
 Today: Sun May 17 22:25:00 2020
==========================================================================================

/dev/sg1 - ST12000VN0008-2JH101 - ZHZ54BTB - ATA
	Model Number: ST12000VN0008-2JH101
	Serial Number: ZHZ54BTB
	Firmware Revision: SC60
	World Wide Name: 5000C500C3DDC97B
	Drive Capacity (TB/TiB): 12.00/10.91
	Native Drive Capacity (TB/TiB): 12.00/10.91
	Temperature Data:
		Current Temperature (C): 38
		Highest Temperature (C): 48
		Lowest Temperature (C): 31
	Power On Time:  5 days 2 hours 
	Power On Hours: 122.00
	MaxLBA: 23437770751
	Native MaxLBA: 23437770751
	Logical Sector Size (B): 512
	Physical Sector Size (B): 4096
	Sector Alignment: 0
	Rotation Rate (RPM): 7200
	Form Factor: 3.5"
	Last DST information:
		Time since last DST (hours): 22.00
		DST Status/Result: 0x0
		DST Test run: 0x2
	Long Drive Self Test Time:  19 hours 14 minutes 
	Interface speed:
		Max Speed (Gb/s): 6.0
		Negotiated Speed (Gb/s): 6.0
	Annualized Workload Rate (TB/yr): 2018.24
	Total Bytes Read (TB): 15.98
	Total Bytes Written (TB): 12.13
	Encryption Support: Not Supported
	Cache Size (MiB): 256.00
	Read Look-Ahead: Enabled
	Write Cache: Enabled
	Low Current Spinup: Ultra Low Enabled
	SMART Status: Unknown or Not Supported
	ATA Security Information: Supported
	Firmware Download Support: Full, Segmented, Deferred
	Specifications Supported:
		ACS-4
		ACS-3
		ACS-2
		ATA8-ACS
		ATA/ATAPI-7
		ATA/ATAPI-6
		ATA/ATAPI-5
		SATA 3.2
		SATA 3.1
		SATA 3.0
		SATA 2.6
		SATA 2.5
		SATA II: Extensions
		SATA 1.0a
		ATA8-AST
	Features Supported:
		Sanitize
		SATA NCQ
		SATA Rebuild Assist
		SATA Software Settings Preservation [Enabled]
		SATA Device Initiated Power Management
		Power Management
		Security
		SMART [Enabled]
		48bit Address
		PUIS
		GPL
		Streaming
		SMART Self-Test
		SMART Error Logging
		Write-Read-Verify
		DSN
		AMAC
		EPC
		Sense Data Reporting
		SCT Write Same
		SCT Error Recovery Control
		SCT Feature Control
		SCT Data Tables
		Host Logging
		Set Sector Configuration
		Storage Element Depopulation
		Seagate In Drive Diagnostics (IDD)

$ sudo ./SeaChest_Configure_1170_11923_64 -d /dev/sg1 -i

==========================================================================================

SeaChest_Configure - Seagate drive utilities - NVMe Enabled

SeaChest_Configure Version: 1.17.0-1_19_23 X86_64

Build Date: Jun 10 2019

Today: Sun May 17 22:25:00 2020

==========================================================================================

/dev/sg1 - ST12000VN0008-2JH101 - ZHZ54BTB - ATA

Model Number: ST12000VN0008-2JH101

Serial Number: ZHZ54BTB

Firmware Revision: SC60

World Wide Name: 5000C500C3DDC97B

Drive Capacity (TB/TiB): 12.00/10.91

Native Drive Capacity (TB/TiB): 12.00/10.91

Temperature Data:

Current Temperature (C): 38

Highest Temperature (C): 48

Lowest Temperature (C): 31

Power On Time: 5 days 2 hours

Power On Hours: 122.00

MaxLBA: 23437770751

Native MaxLBA: 23437770751

Logical Sector Size (B): 512

Physical Sector Size (B): 4096

Sector Alignment: 0

Rotation Rate (RPM): 7200

Form Factor: 3.5"

Last DST information:

Time since last DST (hours): 22.00

DST Status/Result: 0x0

DST Test run: 0x2

Long Drive Self Test Time: 19 hours 14 minutes

Interface speed:

Max Speed (Gb/s): 6.0

Negotiated Speed (Gb/s): 6.0

Annualized Workload Rate (TB/yr): 2018.24

Total Bytes Read (TB): 15.98

Total Bytes Written (TB): 12.13

Encryption Support: Not Supported

Cache Size (MiB): 256.00

Read Look-Ahead: Enabled

Write Cache: Enabled

Low Current Spinup: Ultra Low Enabled

SMART Status: Unknown or Not Supported

ATA Security Information: Supported

Firmware Download Support: Full, Segmented, Deferred

Specifications Supported:

ACS-4

ACS-3

ACS-2

ATA8-ACS

ATA/ATAPI-7

ATA/ATAPI-6

ATA/ATAPI-5

SATA 3.2

SATA 3.1

SATA 3.0

SATA 2.6

SATA 2.5

SATA II: Extensions

SATA 1.0a

ATA8-AST

Features Supported:

Sanitize

SATA NCQ

SATA Rebuild Assist

SATA Software Settings Preservation [Enabled]

SATA Device Initiated Power Management

Power Management

Security

SMART [Enabled]

48bit Address

PUIS

GPL

Streaming

SMART Self-Test

SMART Error Logging

Write-Read-Verify

DSN

AMAC

EPC

Sense Data Reporting

SCT Write Same

SCT Error Recovery Control

SCT Feature Control

SCT Data Tables

Host Logging

Set Sector Configuration

Storage Element Depopulation

Seagate In Drive Diagnostics (IDD)

有个缩写简单记录一下

AMAC(Accessible Max Address Configuration feature set)

1	AMAC(Accessible Max Address Configuration feature set)

根据论坛上教你一招解决NAS噪音及速度问题！的经验，第1盘位是默认的系统盘，这导致硬盘不停的发出咳咳咳的寻道声。为了解决这个问题，（918+）遂决定在1、2盘位安装两块SSD，并将两块酷狼8TB转移到3、4盘位，这样一来，HDD不再是系统盘，在闲置状态下，便可启动休眠功能，大大降低噪音。

可惜718+只有两个盘位，918+的解决方法显然是行不通的。

我自己的群晖的噪声来源主要有如下几个

MariaDB 10开启了主从复制，主服务器上数据更新，会被自动同步到群晖上的MariaDB 10，导致磁盘被频繁唤醒，而磁盘寻道噪声很大！！

群晖开启了SMB服务，局域网内的机器会自动连接导致磁盘被唤醒，虽然没有写入，但是网络请求会导致磁盘唤醒，依旧出现寻道声。

系统盘安装在硬盘上，系统会定期唤醒磁盘执行读写操作。目前测试发现，关闭MariaDB 10, SMB 之后，硬盘可顺利休眠。

按理说，上面的问题，可以通过群晖的 SSD 缓存加速功能缓解，结果718+没有M.2插口，918+有两个内置的M.2插口。而外置通过eSata的接口挂载硬盘，是不能作为SSD 缓存加速的。具体信息参考 Synology’s DS718+ SSD caching is crippled/Which Synology NAS models support SSD cache?

目前能想到的办法是

继续阅读群晖(Synology) DS718+希捷酷狼(Seagate IronWolf)12TB空闲发出持续噪声

PyQt5的QWebEngineView使用模板

一.支持视频播放

关键代码

self.settings().setAttribute(QWebEngineSettings.PluginsEnabled, True)      #支持视频播放

1	self.settings().setAttribute(QWebEngineSettings.PluginsEnabled, True) #支持视频播放

二.支持页面关闭请求

关键代码

self.page().windowCloseRequested.connect(self.on_windowCloseRequested)     #页面关闭请求

1	self.page().windowCloseRequested.connect(self.on_windowCloseRequested) #页面关闭请求

三.支持页面下载请求

关键代码

self.page().profile().downloadRequested.connect(self.on_downloadRequested) #页面下载请求

1	self.page().profile().downloadRequested.connect(self.on_downloadRequested) #页面下载请求

【如下代码，完全复制，直接运行，即可使用】

import sys
import os
import datetime
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtWebEngineWidgets import QWebEngineView,QWebEngineSettings

# 调试窗口配置
# 如果不想自己创建调试窗口，可以使用Chrome连接这个地址进行调试
DEBUG_PORT = '5588'
DEBUG_URL = 'http://127.0.0.1:%s' % DEBUG_PORT
os.environ['QTWEBENGINE_REMOTE_DEBUGGING'] = DEBUG_PORT

################################################
#######创建主窗口
################################################
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.setWindowTitle('My Browser')
        #self.showMaximized()
        self.setWindowFlags(Qt.FramelessWindowHint)

        #####创建tabwidget
        self.tabWidget = QTabWidget()
        self.tabWidget.setTabShape(QTabWidget.Triangular)
        self.tabWidget.setDocumentMode(True)
        self.tabWidget.setMovable(True)
        self.tabWidget.setTabsClosable(True)
        self.tabWidget.tabCloseRequested.connect(self.close_Tab)
        self.setCentralWidget(self.tabWidget)

        ####第一个tab
        self.webview = WebEngineView(self)   #self必须要有，是将主窗口作为参数，传给浏览器
        self.webview.load(QUrl("https://www.baidu.com"))
        self.create_tab(self.webview)

        #网页调试窗口
        self.inspector = QWebEngineView()
        self.inspector.setWindowTitle('Web Inspector')
        self.inspector.load(QUrl(DEBUG_URL))
        self.webview.loadFinished.connect(self.handleHtmlLoaded)        

    # 加载完成后显示调试网页
    def handleHtmlLoaded(self, ok):
        if ok:
            self.webview.page().setDevToolsPage(self.inspector.page())
            self.inspector.show()

    #创建tab
    def create_tab(self,webview):
        self.tab = QWidget()
        self.tabWidget.addTab(self.tab, "新标签页")
        self.tabWidget.setCurrentWidget(self.tab)
        #####
        self.Layout = QHBoxLayout(self.tab)
        self.Layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.Layout.addWidget(webview)

    #关闭tab
    def close_Tab(self,index):
        if self.tabWidget.count()>1:
            self.tabWidget.removeTab(index)
        else:
            self.close()   # 当只有1个tab时，关闭主窗口

################################################
#######创建浏览器
################################################
class WebEngineView(QWebEngineView):

    def __init__(self,mainwindow,parent=None):
        super(WebEngineView, self).__init__(parent)
        self.mainwindow = mainwindow
        ##############
        self.settings().setAttribute(QWebEngineSettings.PluginsEnabled, True)      #支持视频播放
        self.page().windowCloseRequested.connect(self.on_windowCloseRequested)     #页面关闭请求
        self.page().profile().downloadRequested.connect(self.on_downloadRequested) #页面下载请求

    #  支持页面关闭请求
    def on_windowCloseRequested(self):
        the_index = self.mainwindow.tabWidget.currentIndex()
        self.mainwindow.tabWidget.removeTab(the_index)


    #  支持页面下载按钮
    def on_downloadRequested(self,downloadItem):
        if  downloadItem.isFinished()==False and downloadItem.state()==0:
            ###生成文件存储地址
            the_filename = downloadItem.url().fileName()
            if len(the_filename) == 0 or "." not in the_filename:
                cur_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S')
                the_filename = "下载文件" + cur_time + ".xls"
            the_sourceFile = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), the_filename)

            ###下载文件
            # downloadItem.setSavePageFormat(QWebEngineDownloadItem.CompleteHtmlSaveFormat)
            downloadItem.setPath(the_sourceFile)
            downloadItem.accept()
            downloadItem.finished.connect(self.on_downloadfinished)


    #  下载结束触发函数
    def on_downloadfinished(self):
        js_string = '''
        alert("下载成功，请到软件同目录下，查找下载文件！"); 
        '''
        self.page().runJavaScript(js_string)


    # 重写createwindow()
    def createWindow(self, QWebEnginePage_WebWindowType):
        new_webview = WebEngineView(self.mainwindow)

        self.mainwindow.create_tab(new_webview)

        return new_webview


################################################
#######程序入门
################################################
if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    the_mainwindow = MainWindow()
    the_mainwindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec())

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import sys

import os

import datetime

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

from PyQt5.QtCore import *

from PyQt5.QtWebEngineWidgets import QWebEngineView,QWebEngineSettings

# 调试窗口配置

# 如果不想自己创建调试窗口，可以使用Chrome连接这个地址进行调试

DEBUG_PORT = '5588'

DEBUG_URL = 'http://127.0.0.1:%s' % DEBUG_PORT

os.environ['QTWEBENGINE_REMOTE_DEBUGGING'] = DEBUG_PORT

################################################

#######创建主窗口

################################################

class MainWindow(QMainWindow):

def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):

super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

self.setWindowTitle('My Browser')

#self.showMaximized()

self.setWindowFlags(Qt.FramelessWindowHint)

#####创建tabwidget

self.tabWidget = QTabWidget()

self.tabWidget.setTabShape(QTabWidget.Triangular)

self.tabWidget.setDocumentMode(True)

self.tabWidget.setMovable(True)

self.tabWidget.setTabsClosable(True)

self.tabWidget.tabCloseRequested.connect(self.close_Tab)

self.setCentralWidget(self.tabWidget)

####第一个tab

self.webview = WebEngineView(self) #self必须要有，是将主窗口作为参数，传给浏览器

self.webview.load(QUrl("https://www.baidu.com"))

self.create_tab(self.webview)

#网页调试窗口

self.inspector = QWebEngineView()

self.inspector.setWindowTitle('Web Inspector')

self.inspector.load(QUrl(DEBUG_URL))

self.webview.loadFinished.connect(self.handleHtmlLoaded)

# 加载完成后显示调试网页

def handleHtmlLoaded(self, ok):

if ok:

self.webview.page().setDevToolsPage(self.inspector.page())

self.inspector.show()

#创建tab

def create_tab(self,webview):

self.tab = QWidget()

self.tabWidget.addTab(self.tab, "新标签页")

self.tabWidget.setCurrentWidget(self.tab)

#####

self.Layout = QHBoxLayout(self.tab)

self.Layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)

self.Layout.addWidget(webview)

#关闭tab

def close_Tab(self,index):

if self.tabWidget.count()>1:

self.tabWidget.removeTab(index)

else:

self.close() # 当只有1个tab时，关闭主窗口

################################################

#######创建浏览器

################################################

class WebEngineView(QWebEngineView):

def __init__(self,mainwindow,parent=None):

super(WebEngineView, self).__init__(parent)

self.mainwindow = mainwindow

##############

self.settings().setAttribute(QWebEngineSettings.PluginsEnabled, True) #支持视频播放

self.page().windowCloseRequested.connect(self.on_windowCloseRequested) #页面关闭请求

self.page().profile().downloadRequested.connect(self.on_downloadRequested) #页面下载请求

# 支持页面关闭请求

def on_windowCloseRequested(self):

the_index = self.mainwindow.tabWidget.currentIndex()

self.mainwindow.tabWidget.removeTab(the_index)

# 支持页面下载按钮

def on_downloadRequested(self,downloadItem):

if downloadItem.isFinished()==False and downloadItem.state()==0:

###生成文件存储地址

the_filename = downloadItem.url().fileName()

if len(the_filename) == 0 or "." not in the_filename:

cur_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S')

the_filename = "下载文件" + cur_time + ".xls"

the_sourceFile = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), the_filename)

###下载文件

# downloadItem.setSavePageFormat(QWebEngineDownloadItem.CompleteHtmlSaveFormat)

downloadItem.setPath(the_sourceFile)

downloadItem.accept()

downloadItem.finished.connect(self.on_downloadfinished)

# 下载结束触发函数

def on_downloadfinished(self):

js_string = '''

alert("下载成功，请到软件同目录下，查找下载文件！");

'''

self.page().runJavaScript(js_string)

# 重写createwindow()

def createWindow(self, QWebEnginePage_WebWindowType):

new_webview = WebEngineView(self.mainwindow)

self.mainwindow.create_tab(new_webview)

return new_webview

################################################

#######程序入门

################################################

if __name__ == "__main__":

app = QApplication(sys.argv)

the_mainwindow = MainWindow()

the_mainwindow.show()

sys.exit(app.exec())

参考链接

PyQt WebEngineView interferes with MainMenu

I'm trying to create an application that contains a web browser within it, but when I add the web browser my menu bar visually disappears but functionally remains in place. The following are two images, one showing the "self.centralWidget(self.web_widget)" commented out, and the other allows that line to run. If you run the example code, you will also see that while visually the entire web page appears as if the menu bar wasn't present, you have to click slightly below each entry field and button in order to activate it, behaving as if the menu bar was in fact present.

继续阅读PyQt WebEngineView interferes with MainMenu

macOS Catalina(10.15.4)下PyQt5图标Icon无法显示的问题

在macOS下，刚学习PyQt5遇到图标无法显示问题. 先上代码，看下代码就明白了。

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon, QPixmap
from PyQt5.QtCore import QFile
 
 
# 面向对象编程
class main_widget(QWidget):  # 继承自 QWidget类
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.initUI()  # 创建窗口
 
 
    def initUI(self):  #  在此处添加 窗口控件
        self.setGeometry(300, 200, 600, 500)  # 屏幕上坐标（x, y）， 和 窗口大小(宽，高)
        self.setWindowTitle("第一个qt5窗口")
        # self.setWindowIcon(QIcon("logo/m4.png"))  # 设置窗口图标
        self.show()
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    path = 'logo/m4.png'
    print(QFile.exists(path))
    app.setWindowIcon(QIcon(path))  # MAC 下 程序图标是显示在程序坞中的， 切记；
    window = main_widget()
    sys.exit(app.exec())  # 退出主循环

import sys

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget

from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon, QPixmap

from PyQt5.QtCore import QFile

# 面向对象编程

class main_widget(QWidget): # 继承自 QWidget类

def __init__(self):

super().__init__()

self.initUI() # 创建窗口

def initUI(self): # 在此处添加窗口控件

self.setGeometry(300, 200, 600, 500) # 屏幕上坐标（x, y），和窗口大小(宽，高)

self.setWindowTitle("第一个qt5窗口")

# self.setWindowIcon(QIcon("logo/m4.png")) # 设置窗口图标

self.show()

if __name__ == "__main__":

app = QApplication(sys.argv)

path = 'logo/m4.png'

print(QFile.exists(path))

app.setWindowIcon(QIcon(path)) # MAC 下程序图标是显示在程序坞中的，切记；

window = main_widget()

sys.exit(app.exec()) # 退出主循环

setWindowIcon是QApplication的方法，而不是QWidget的，所以使用app.setWindowIcon设置是对的。

注意：在macOS下，图标是显示在程序坞中的！！！

参考链接

MAC下PyQt5图标Icon无法显示的问题

Python+WebKit+HTML开发桌面应用程序

前言

几天前写了一个备份的小工具，用Python写个脚本，也就花个一天的时间搞定，给客户用了一下，对功能很满意，但对界面不满足，想要一个图形界面来管理；
一个备份脚本，有必要整成这样子吗？没办法，谁让是上帝的要求呢，就研究一下；先后找了python的tkinter、pyqt，尝试着画一些界面，虽然功能可以实现，但界面很难看；恰好，在查看pyqt的API文档的时候，发现了QWebView组件，据介绍可以实现一个浏览器，并且浏览器中的JS可以与Python代码进行交互。忽然眼前一亮，我不正是我想要的吗！
抽几天时间把工具写完了，目前运行良好；想写篇博客做个记录，也想给需要进行此类开发的朋友做个示例，就把这个工具最核心的内容做了一个DEMO。现在，就把这个小DEMO的开发过程做个说明；

功能简介

这个小DEMO用于显示计算机上的一些信息，显示内容不是主要的，主要为了体现如何用python+HTML开发桌面应用程序。

1.使用HTML开发一个界面；
2.在页面上显示主机信息；
3.实现功能时，体现JS调用Python和Python调用JS；

1.使用HTML开发一个界面；

2.在页面上显示主机信息；

3.实现功能时，体现JS调用Python和Python调用JS；

最终实现的主界面如下：

准备材料

开发工具：Visual Studio Code
开发语言：python 2.7/python 3.7
界面工具包：PyQT4/PyQT5

目录结构

说明：
demoUI.py : python主体程序，主要实现窗口创建，加载index.html页面，python与JS的交互；
views/index.html : 主要进行数据展示，及与python交互的js程序

demoUI.py开发

引入的包

from PyQt4 import QtCore
from PyQt4 import QtGui
from PyQt4 import QtWebKit
from PyQt4 import QtNetwork

#处理中文问题
import sys,json
from PyQt4.Qt import QObject
reload(sys) 
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

from PyQt4 import QtCore

from PyQt4 import QtGui

from PyQt4 import QtWebKit

from PyQt4 import QtNetwork

#处理中文问题

import sys,json

from PyQt4.Qt import QObject

reload(sys)

sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

前四行代码，主要是引入Qt相关的包，这里使用的PyQt4；
后三行代码，主要是为了处理中文问题，可以忽略，但遇到中文乱码的时候，想起来这句话，把它加上就行了

DemoWin类

class DemoWin(QtWebKit.QWebView):

    def __init__(self):
        QtWebKit.QWebView.__init__(self)
        self.resize(800, 600)
        self.setUrl(QtCore.QUrl('views/index.html'))
        self.show()
        mainFrame = self.page().mainFrame()
        winobj = WinObj(mainFrame)
        mainFrame.javaScriptWindowObjectCleared.connect(lambda: mainFrame.addToJavaScriptWindowObject(QtCore.QString('WinObj'), winobj))

class DemoWin(QtWebKit.QWebView):

def __init__(self):

QtWebKit.QWebView.__init__(self)

self.resize(800, 600)

self.setUrl(QtCore.QUrl('views/index.html'))

self.show()

mainFrame = self.page().mainFrame()

winobj = WinObj(mainFrame)

mainFrame.javaScriptWindowObjectCleared.connect(lambda: mainFrame.addToJavaScriptWindowObject(QtCore.QString('WinObj'), winobj))

DemoWin是整个应用的核心类，主要实现窗体创建，关联与JS交互的槽函数等；

class DemoWin(QtWebKit.QWebView):

1	class DemoWin(QtWebKit.QWebView):

像标题所说，我们将使用WebKit作为页面展示，所以这里的主页面是以QtWebKit.QWebView作为基类

QtWebKit.QWebView.init(self)
self.resize(800, 600)
self.setUrl(QtCore.QUrl(‘views/index.html’))
self.show()

QtWebKit.QWebView.init(self)

self.resize(800, 600)

self.setUrl(QtCore.QUrl(‘views/index.html’))

self.show()

设置窗口大小为800*600，并且加载index.html进行显示

mainFrame = self.page().mainFrame()

1	mainFrame = self.page().mainFrame()

获取网页主框架，按照QT官方文档解释：QWebFrame代表一个网页框架，每一个QWebFrame至少包含一个主框架，使用QWebFrame.mainFrame()获取。
这是进行后续各类操作的基础，类似于JS中只有获取到网页的dom对象，才可以对其中的元素操作一样；

winobj = WinObj(mainFrame)
mainFrame.javaScriptWindowObjectCleared.connect(lambda: mainFrame.addToJavaScriptWindowObject(QtCore.QString(‘WinObj’), winobj)) ##js调用python

1 2	winobj = WinObj(mainFrame) mainFrame.javaScriptWindowObjectCleared.connect(lambda: mainFrame.addToJavaScriptWindowObject(QtCore.QString(‘WinObj’), winobj)) ##js调用python

这段代码是关键中的关键！
WinObj类：是封装后用于js调用的槽函数类，后续再详细介绍
addToJavaScriptWindowObject类：第一个参数是对象在javascript里的名字，可以自由命名，第二个参数是对应的QObject实例指针。这样在javascript里就可以直接访问WinObj对象拉, 是不是看上去超级简单？但是这个函数的调用时机是有讲究的，按照官方文档的推荐，是需要在javaScriptWindowObjectCleared信号的槽里调用，才有了以上的代码；里面用了lambda表达式，纯粹是为了减少一个槽函数的定义，你如果觉得不好看或不喜欢，完全可以定义一个槽函数；

WinObj类

下面来重点介绍WinObj类，类型定义如下：

class WinObj(QtCore.QObject):
    def __init__(self,mainFrame):
        super(WinObj,self).__init__()
        self.mainFrame = mainFrame

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot(result="QString")
    def getInfo(self):
        import socket,platform
        hostname = socket.gethostname()
        try:
            ip = socket.gethostbyname(hostname)
        except:
            ip = ''
        list_info = platform.uname()
        sys_name = list_info[0] + list_info[2]
        cpu_name = list_info[5]
        dic_info = {"hostname":hostname,"ip":ip,"sys_name":sys_name, \
                    "cpu_name":cpu_name}
        #调用js函数，实现回调
        self.mainFrame.evaluateJavaScript('%s(%s)' % ('onGetInfo',json.dumps(dic_info)))
        return json.dumps(dic_info)

class WinObj(QtCore.QObject):

def __init__(self,mainFrame):

super(WinObj,self).__init__()

self.mainFrame = mainFrame

@QtCore.pyqtSlot(result="QString")

def getInfo(self):

import socket,platform

hostname = socket.gethostname()

try:

ip = socket.gethostbyname(hostname)

except:

ip = ''

list_info = platform.uname()

sys_name = list_info[0] + list_info[2]

cpu_name = list_info[5]

dic_info = {"hostname":hostname,"ip":ip,"sys_name":sys_name, \

"cpu_name":cpu_name}

#调用js函数，实现回调

self.mainFrame.evaluateJavaScript('%s(%s)' % ('onGetInfo',json.dumps(dic_info)))

return json.dumps(dic_info)

该类封装了JS可直接调用的方法，有一些区别于普通类的地方要注意；

class WinObj(QtCore.QObject):

1	class WinObj(QtCore.QObject):

该类必须继承自QObject，而不能是object。

def __init__(self,mainFrame):
        super(WinObj,self).__init__()
        self.mainFrame = mainFrame

def __init__(self,mainFrame):

super(WinObj,self).__init__()

self.mainFrame = mainFrame

构造函数将mainFrame传进来，主要用于调用js函数（后面将有示例介绍）

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot(result="QString")
    def getInfo(self):
        import socket,platform
        hostname = socket.gethostname()
        ip = socket.gethostbyname(hostname)
        list_info = platform.uname()
        sys_name = list_info[0] + list_info[2]
        cpu_name = list_info[5]
        dic_info = {"hostname":hostname,"ip":ip,"sys_name":sys_name, \
                    "cpu_name":cpu_name}
        #调用js函数，实现回调
        self.mainFrame.evaluateJavaScript('%s(%s)' % ('onGetInfo',json.dumps(dic_info)))
        return json.dumps(dic_info)

@QtCore.pyqtSlot(result="QString")

def getInfo(self):

import socket,platform

hostname = socket.gethostname()

ip = socket.gethostbyname(hostname)

list_info = platform.uname()

sys_name = list_info[0] + list_info[2]

cpu_name = list_info[5]

dic_info = {"hostname":hostname,"ip":ip,"sys_name":sys_name, \

"cpu_name":cpu_name}

#调用js函数，实现回调

self.mainFrame.evaluateJavaScript('%s(%s)' % ('onGetInfo',json.dumps(dic_info)))

return json.dumps(dic_info)

getInfo()实现了一个供JS调用的方法，有几下几点要注意：
（1）@QtCore.pyqtSlot(result=”QString”) 用于将python方法转换为供js用的函数，括号里写明数据类型及返回类型；如果没有声明result，则不能返回数据；
（2）self.mainFrame.evaluateJavaScript(‘%s(%s)’ % (‘onGetInfo’,json.dumps(dic_info)))
调用页面中用JS声明的onGetInfo函数（这里仅作一个示例，将查询到的数据进行回调返回）

demoUI.py完整代码下：

#coding=utf-8
'''
Created on 2017年11月3日

@author: Administrator
'''
from PyQt4 import QtCore
from PyQt4 import QtGui
from PyQt4 import QtWebKit
from PyQt4 import QtNetwork

#处理中文问题
import sys,json
from PyQt4.Qt import QObject
reload(sys)  
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

class DemoWin(QtWebKit.QWebView):

    def __init__(self):
        QtWebKit.QWebView.__init__(self)
        self.resize(800, 600)
        self.setUrl(QtCore.QUrl('views/index.html'))
        self.show()
        mainFrame = self.page().mainFrame()
        winobj = WinObj(mainFrame)
        mainFrame.javaScriptWindowObjectCleared.connect(lambda: mainFrame.addToJavaScriptWindowObject(QtCore.QString('WinObj'), winobj)) ##js调用python

class WinObj(QtCore.QObject):
    def __init__(self,mainFrame):
        super(WinObj,self).__init__()
        self.mainFrame = mainFrame

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot(result="QString")
    def getInfo(self):
        import socket,platform
        hostname = socket.gethostname()
        try:
            ip = socket.gethostbyname(hostname)
        except:
            ip = ''
        list_info = platform.uname()
        sys_name = list_info[0] + list_info[2]
        cpu_name = list_info[5]
        dic_info = {"hostname":hostname,"ip":ip,"sys_name":sys_name, \
                    "cpu_name":cpu_name}
        #调用js函数，实现回调
        self.mainFrame.evaluateJavaScript('%s(%s)' % ('onGetInfo',json.dumps(dic_info)))
        return json.dumps(dic_info)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    demoWin = DemoWin()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

#coding=utf-8

'''

Created on 2017年11月3日

@author: Administrator

'''

from PyQt4 import QtCore

from PyQt4 import QtGui

from PyQt4 import QtWebKit

from PyQt4 import QtNetwork

#处理中文问题

import sys,json

from PyQt4.Qt import QObject

reload(sys)

sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

class DemoWin(QtWebKit.QWebView):

def __init__(self):

QtWebKit.QWebView.__init__(self)

self.resize(800, 600)

self.setUrl(QtCore.QUrl('views/index.html'))

self.show()

mainFrame = self.page().mainFrame()

winobj = WinObj(mainFrame)

mainFrame.javaScriptWindowObjectCleared.connect(lambda: mainFrame.addToJavaScriptWindowObject(QtCore.QString('WinObj'), winobj)) ##js调用python

class WinObj(QtCore.QObject):

def __init__(self,mainFrame):

super(WinObj,self).__init__()

self.mainFrame = mainFrame

@QtCore.pyqtSlot(result="QString")

def getInfo(self):

import socket,platform

hostname = socket.gethostname()

try:

ip = socket.gethostbyname(hostname)

except:

ip = ''

list_info = platform.uname()

sys_name = list_info[0] + list_info[2]

cpu_name = list_info[5]

dic_info = {"hostname":hostname,"ip":ip,"sys_name":sys_name, \

"cpu_name":cpu_name}

#调用js函数，实现回调

self.mainFrame.evaluateJavaScript('%s(%s)' % ('onGetInfo',json.dumps(dic_info)))

return json.dumps(dic_info)

if __name__ == '__main__':

app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)

demoWin = DemoWin()

sys.exit(app.exec_())

index.html

<!DOCTYPE script PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src='https://www.mobibrw.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/vue.min_.1.0.11.js'></script>
</head>
<body>

<div id='app'>
<input type='button' onclick='getInfo()' value="获取机器信息">
<H3 >主机名：{{config.hostname}} </H3>
<H3 >IP：{{config.ip}} </H3>
<H3 >操作系统：{{config.sys_name}} </H3>
<H3 >CPU：{{config.cpu_name}} </H3>
<H3>以下为python回调信息：</H3>
<label id='info'></label>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<script type="text/javascript">
var vm = new Vue({
    el: '#app',
    data:{
        config:{}
    },
    created:function(){
        this.config = JSON.parse(window.WinObj.getInfo())
    }
});

function getInfo() {
    info = JSON.parse(window.WinObj.getInfo())
    alert(info)
}

//python回调的js函数
function onGetInfo(info) {
    document.getElementById('info').innerText=JSON.stringify(info)
}

</script>

<!DOCTYPE script PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

<H3 >主机名：{{config.hostname}} </H3>

<H3 >IP：{{config.ip}} </H3>

<H3 >操作系统：{{config.sys_name}} </H3>

<H3 >CPU：{{config.cpu_name}} </H3>

<H3>以下为python回调信息：</H3>

</div>

</body>

</html>

var vm = new Vue({

el: '#app',

data:{

config:{}

created:function(){

this.config = JSON.parse(window.WinObj.getInfo())

}

});

function getInfo() {

info = JSON.parse(window.WinObj.getInfo())

alert(info)

}

//python回调的js函数

function onGetInfo(info) {

document.getElementById('info').innerText=JSON.stringify(info)

}

</script>

Python 3.7/PyQT5下需要安装 pyQt5

$ python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

$ pip3 install SIP

$ pip3 install pyQt5

$ pip3 install --upgrade PyQt5

$ pip3 install PyQtWebEngine

$ python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

$ pip3 install SIP

$ pip3 install pyQt5

$ pip3 install --upgrade PyQt5

$ pip3 install PyQtWebEngine

Python 3.7/PyQT5下的代码(注意，Python 2.7/PyQT4是的交互是同步调用的，但是Python 3.7/PyQT5通过QtWebChannel交互是异步的)如下:

#coding=utf-8
from PyQt5 import QtCore
from PyQt5 import QtGui
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
from PyQt5 import QtWebEngineWidgets
from PyQt5 import QtNetwork
from PyQt5 import QtWebChannel

#处理中文问题
import sys,json
from PyQt5.Qt import QObject
#reload(sys)  
#sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

# 调试窗口配置
# 如果不想自己创建调试窗口，可以使用Chrome连接这个地址进行调试
import os
DEBUG_PORT = '5588'
DEBUG_URL = 'http://127.0.0.1:%s' % DEBUG_PORT
os.environ['QTWEBENGINE_REMOTE_DEBUGGING'] = DEBUG_PORT

def qt_message_handler(mode, context, message):
    if mode == QtCore.QtInfoMsg:
        mode = 'INFO'
    elif mode == QtCore.QtWarningMsg:
        mode = 'WARNING'
    elif mode == QtCore.QtCriticalMsg:
        mode = 'CRITICAL'
    elif mode == QtCore.QtFatalMsg:
        mode = 'FATAL'
    else:
        mode = 'DEBUG'
    print('qt_message_handler: line: %d, func: %s(), file: %s' % (
          context.line, context.function, context.file))
    print('  %s: %s\n' % (mode, message))

QtCore.qInstallMessageHandler(qt_message_handler)

class DemoWin(QtWebEngineWidgets.QWebEngineView):

    def __init__(self):
        QtWebEngineWidgets.QWebEngineView.__init__(self)
        self.setWindowTitle('Web页面中的JavaScript与 QWebEngineView交互例子')
        self.resize(800, 600)
        
        self.settings().setAttribute(QtWebEngineWidgets.QWebEngineSettings.PluginsEnabled, True)
        self.settings().setAttribute(QtWebEngineWidgets.QWebEngineSettings.JavascriptEnabled, True)
        
        url = QtCore.QUrl('file:///' + QtCore.QFileInfo('views/index.html').absoluteFilePath())
        #url = QtCore.QUrl("https://www.baidu.com")
        self.setUrl(url)
        self.show()
        
        self.winobj = WinObj(self.page())
        self.channel = QtWebChannel.QWebChannel()
        self.channel.registerObject("con", self.winobj)
        self.page().setWebChannel(self.channel)
        
        #网页调试窗口
        self.inspector = QtWebEngineWidgets.QWebEngineView()
        self.inspector.setWindowTitle('Web Inspector')
        self.inspector.load(QtCore.QUrl(DEBUG_URL))
        self.loadFinished.connect(self.handleHtmlLoaded)
        
    def handleHtmlLoaded(self, ok):
        if ok:
            self.page().setDevToolsPage(self.inspector.page())
            self.inspector.show()

class WinObj(QtCore.QObject):
    def __init__(self, page):
        super(WinObj,self).__init__()
        self.page = page

    @QtCore.pyqtSlot(result="QString")
    def getInfo(self):
        import socket,platform
        hostname = socket.gethostname()
        try:
            ip = socket.gethostbyname(hostname)
        except:
            ip = ''
        list_info = platform.uname()
        sys_name = list_info[0] + list_info[2]
        cpu_name = list_info[5]
        dic_info = {"hostname":hostname,"ip":ip,"sys_name":sys_name, \
                    "cpu_name":cpu_name}
        #调用js函数，实现回调
        self.page.runJavaScript('%s(%s)' % ('onGetInfo',json.dumps(dic_info)))
        js = json.dumps(dic_info)
        return js

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    demoWin = DemoWin()
    sys.exit(app.exec())

#coding=utf-8

from PyQt5 import QtCore

from PyQt5 import QtGui

from PyQt5 import QtWidgets

from PyQt5 import QtWebEngineWidgets

from PyQt5 import QtNetwork

from PyQt5 import QtWebChannel

#处理中文问题

import sys,json

from PyQt5.Qt import QObject

#reload(sys)

#sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

# 调试窗口配置

# 如果不想自己创建调试窗口，可以使用Chrome连接这个地址进行调试

import os

DEBUG_PORT = '5588'

DEBUG_URL = 'http://127.0.0.1:%s' % DEBUG_PORT

os.environ['QTWEBENGINE_REMOTE_DEBUGGING'] = DEBUG_PORT

def qt_message_handler(mode, context, message):

if mode == QtCore.QtInfoMsg:

mode = 'INFO'

elif mode == QtCore.QtWarningMsg:

mode = 'WARNING'

elif mode == QtCore.QtCriticalMsg:

mode = 'CRITICAL'

elif mode == QtCore.QtFatalMsg:

mode = 'FATAL'

else:

mode = 'DEBUG'

print('qt_message_handler: line: %d, func: %s(), file: %s' % (

context.line, context.function, context.file))

print(' %s: %s\n' % (mode, message))

QtCore.qInstallMessageHandler(qt_message_handler)

class DemoWin(QtWebEngineWidgets.QWebEngineView):

def __init__(self):

QtWebEngineWidgets.QWebEngineView.__init__(self)

self.setWindowTitle('Web页面中的JavaScript与 QWebEngineView交互例子')

self.resize(800, 600)

self.settings().setAttribute(QtWebEngineWidgets.QWebEngineSettings.PluginsEnabled, True)

self.settings().setAttribute(QtWebEngineWidgets.QWebEngineSettings.JavascriptEnabled, True)

url = QtCore.QUrl('file:///' + QtCore.QFileInfo('views/index.html').absoluteFilePath())

#url = QtCore.QUrl("https://www.baidu.com")

self.setUrl(url)

self.show()

self.winobj = WinObj(self.page())

self.channel = QtWebChannel.QWebChannel()

self.channel.registerObject("con", self.winobj)

self.page().setWebChannel(self.channel)

#网页调试窗口

self.inspector = QtWebEngineWidgets.QWebEngineView()

self.inspector.setWindowTitle('Web Inspector')

self.inspector.load(QtCore.QUrl(DEBUG_URL))

self.loadFinished.connect(self.handleHtmlLoaded)

def handleHtmlLoaded(self, ok):

if ok:

self.page().setDevToolsPage(self.inspector.page())

self.inspector.show()

class WinObj(QtCore.QObject):

def __init__(self, page):

super(WinObj,self).__init__()

self.page = page

@QtCore.pyqtSlot(result="QString")

def getInfo(self):

import socket,platform

hostname = socket.gethostname()

try:

ip = socket.gethostbyname(hostname)

except:

ip = ''

list_info = platform.uname()

sys_name = list_info[0] + list_info[2]

cpu_name = list_info[5]

dic_info = {"hostname":hostname,"ip":ip,"sys_name":sys_name, \

"cpu_name":cpu_name}

#调用js函数，实现回调

self.page.runJavaScript('%s(%s)' % ('onGetInfo',json.dumps(dic_info)))

js = json.dumps(dic_info)

return js

if __name__ == '__main__':

app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)

demoWin = DemoWin()

sys.exit(app.exec())

index.html

<!DOCTYPE script PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="qwebchannel.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src='https://www.mobibrw.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/vue.min_.1.0.11.js'></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id='app'>
<input type='button' onclick='getInfo()' value="获取机器信息">
<H3 >主机名：{{config.hostname}} </H3>
<H3 >IP：{{config.ip}} </H3>
<H3 >操作系统：{{config.sys_name}} </H3>
<H3 >CPU：{{config.cpu_name}} </H3>
<H3>以下为python回调信息：</H3>
<label id='info'></label>
</div>
</body>
</html>

<script type="text/javascript">
    new QWebChannel( qt.webChannelTransport, function(channel) {
            window.con = channel.objects.con;
            window.vm = new Vue({
                el: '#app',
                data: {
                    config:{}
                },
                created:function() {
                    window.con.getInfo(function(info) {
                    window.vm.config = JSON.parse(info);
                });
            }
        });
    });

    function getInfo() {
        window.con.getInfo();
    }

    //python回调的js函数
    function onGetInfo(info) {
        document.getElementById('info').innerText=JSON.stringify(info)
    }
</script>

<!DOCTYPE script PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

<H3 >主机名：{{config.hostname}} </H3>

<H3 >IP：{{config.ip}} </H3>

<H3 >操作系统：{{config.sys_name}} </H3>

<H3 >CPU：{{config.cpu_name}} </H3>

<H3>以下为python回调信息：</H3>

</div>

</body>

</html>

new QWebChannel( qt.webChannelTransport, function(channel) {

window.con = channel.objects.con;

window.vm = new Vue({

el: '#app',

data: {

config:{}

created:function() {

window.con.getInfo(function(info) {

window.vm.config = JSON.parse(info);

});

}

});

function getInfo() {

window.con.getInfo();

}

//python回调的js函数

function onGetInfo(info) {

document.getElementById('info').innerText=JSON.stringify(info)

}

</script>

qwebchannel.js

/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2016 The Qt Company Ltd.
** Copyright (C) 2014 Klarälvdalens Datakonsult AB, a KDAB Group company, info@kdab.com, author Milian Wolff <milian.wolff@kdab.com>
** Contact: https://www.qt.io/licensing/
**
** This file is part of the QtWebChannel module of the Qt Toolkit.
**
** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:BSD$
** Commercial License Usage
** Licensees holding valid commercial Qt licenses may use this file in
** accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the
** Software or, alternatively, in accordance with the terms contained in
** a written agreement between you and The Qt Company. For licensing terms
** and conditions see https://www.qt.io/terms-conditions. For further
** information use the contact form at https://www.qt.io/contact-us.
**
** BSD License Usage
** Alternatively, you may use this file under the terms of the BSD license
** as follows:
**
** "Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
** met:
**   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
**     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
**   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
**     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
**     the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
**     distribution.
**   * Neither the name of The Qt Company Ltd nor the names of its
**     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
**     from this software without specific prior written permission.
**
**
** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
** "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
** LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
** A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
** OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
** SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
** LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
** DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
** THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
** (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
** OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE."
**
** $QT_END_LICENSE$
**
****************************************************************************/

"use strict";

var QWebChannelMessageTypes = {
    signal: 1,
    propertyUpdate: 2,
    init: 3,
    idle: 4,
    debug: 5,
    invokeMethod: 6,
    connectToSignal: 7,
    disconnectFromSignal: 8,
    setProperty: 9,
    response: 10,
};

var QWebChannel = function(transport, initCallback)
{
    if (typeof transport !== "object" || typeof transport.send !== "function") {
        console.error("The QWebChannel expects a transport object with a send function and onmessage callback property." +
                      " Given is: transport: " + typeof(transport) + ", transport.send: " + typeof(transport.send));
        return;
    }

    var channel = this;
    this.transport = transport;

    this.send = function(data)
    {
        if (typeof(data) !== "string") {
            data = JSON.stringify(data);
        }
        channel.transport.send(data);
    }

    this.transport.onmessage = function(message)
    {
        var data = message.data;
        if (typeof data === "string") {
            data = JSON.parse(data);
        }
        switch (data.type) {
            case QWebChannelMessageTypes.signal:
                channel.handleSignal(data);
                break;
            case QWebChannelMessageTypes.response:
                channel.handleResponse(data);
                break;
            case QWebChannelMessageTypes.propertyUpdate:
                channel.handlePropertyUpdate(data);
                break;
            default:
                console.error("invalid message received:", message.data);
                break;
        }
    }

    this.execCallbacks = {};
    this.execId = 0;
    this.exec = function(data, callback)
    {
        if (!callback) {
            // if no callback is given, send directly
            channel.send(data);
            return;
        }
        if (channel.execId === Number.MAX_VALUE) {
            // wrap
            channel.execId = Number.MIN_VALUE;
        }
        if (data.hasOwnProperty("id")) {
            console.error("Cannot exec message with property id: " + JSON.stringify(data));
            return;
        }
        data.id = channel.execId++;
        channel.execCallbacks[data.id] = callback;
        channel.send(data);
    };

    this.objects = {};

    this.handleSignal = function(message)
    {
        var object = channel.objects[message.object];
        if (object) {
            object.signalEmitted(message.signal, message.args);
        } else {
            console.warn("Unhandled signal: " + message.object + "::" + message.signal);
        }
    }

    this.handleResponse = function(message)
    {
        if (!message.hasOwnProperty("id")) {
            console.error("Invalid response message received: ", JSON.stringify(message));
            return;
        }
        channel.execCallbacks[message.id](message.data);
        delete channel.execCallbacks[message.id];
    }

    this.handlePropertyUpdate = function(message)
    {
        for (var i in message.data) {
            var data = message.data[i];
            var object = channel.objects[data.object];
            if (object) {
                object.propertyUpdate(data.signals, data.properties);
            } else {
                console.warn("Unhandled property update: " + data.object + "::" + data.signal);
            }
        }
        channel.exec({type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.idle});
    }

    this.debug = function(message)
    {
        channel.send({type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.debug, data: message});
    };

    channel.exec({type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.init}, function(data) {
        for (var objectName in data) {
            var object = new QObject(objectName, data[objectName], channel);
        }
        // now unwrap properties, which might reference other registered objects
        for (var objectName in channel.objects) {
            channel.objects[objectName].unwrapProperties();
        }
        if (initCallback) {
            initCallback(channel);
        }
        channel.exec({type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.idle});
    });
};

function QObject(name, data, webChannel)
{
    this.__id__ = name;
    webChannel.objects[name] = this;

    // List of callbacks that get invoked upon signal emission
    this.__objectSignals__ = {};

    // Cache of all properties, updated when a notify signal is emitted
    this.__propertyCache__ = {};

    var object = this;

    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------

    this.unwrapQObject = function(response)
    {
        if (response instanceof Array) {
            // support list of objects
            var ret = new Array(response.length);
            for (var i = 0; i < response.length; ++i) {
                ret[i] = object.unwrapQObject(response[i]);
            }
            return ret;
        }
        if (!response
            || !response["__QObject*__"]
            || response.id === undefined) {
            return response;
        }

        var objectId = response.id;
        if (webChannel.objects[objectId])
            return webChannel.objects[objectId];

        if (!response.data) {
            console.error("Cannot unwrap unknown QObject " + objectId + " without data.");
            return;
        }

        var qObject = new QObject( objectId, response.data, webChannel );
        qObject.destroyed.connect(function() {
            if (webChannel.objects[objectId] === qObject) {
                delete webChannel.objects[objectId];
                // reset the now deleted QObject to an empty {} object
                // just assigning {} though would not have the desired effect, but the
                // below also ensures all external references will see the empty map
                // NOTE: this detour is necessary to workaround QTBUG-40021
                var propertyNames = [];
                for (var propertyName in qObject) {
                    propertyNames.push(propertyName);
                }
                for (var idx in propertyNames) {
                    delete qObject[propertyNames[idx]];
                }
            }
        });
        // here we are already initialized, and thus must directly unwrap the properties
        qObject.unwrapProperties();
        return qObject;
    }

    this.unwrapProperties = function()
    {
        for (var propertyIdx in object.__propertyCache__) {
            object.__propertyCache__[propertyIdx] = object.unwrapQObject(object.__propertyCache__[propertyIdx]);
        }
    }

    function addSignal(signalData, isPropertyNotifySignal)
    {
        var signalName = signalData[0];
        var signalIndex = signalData[1];
        object[signalName] = {
            connect: function(callback) {
                if (typeof(callback) !== "function") {
                    console.error("Bad callback given to connect to signal " + signalName);
                    return;
                }

                object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex] = object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex] || [];
                object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex].push(callback);

                if (!isPropertyNotifySignal && signalName !== "destroyed") {
                    // only required for "pure" signals, handled separately for properties in propertyUpdate
                    // also note that we always get notified about the destroyed signal
                    webChannel.exec({
                        type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.connectToSignal,
                        object: object.__id__,
                        signal: signalIndex
                    });
                }
            },
            disconnect: function(callback) {
                if (typeof(callback) !== "function") {
                    console.error("Bad callback given to disconnect from signal " + signalName);
                    return;
                }
                object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex] = object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex] || [];
                var idx = object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex].indexOf(callback);
                if (idx === -1) {
                    console.error("Cannot find connection of signal " + signalName + " to " + callback.name);
                    return;
                }
                object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex].splice(idx, 1);
                if (!isPropertyNotifySignal && object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex].length === 0) {
                    // only required for "pure" signals, handled separately for properties in propertyUpdate
                    webChannel.exec({
                        type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.disconnectFromSignal,
                        object: object.__id__,
                        signal: signalIndex
                    });
                }
            }
        };
    }

    /**
     * Invokes all callbacks for the given signalname. Also works for property notify callbacks.
     */
    function invokeSignalCallbacks(signalName, signalArgs)
    {
        var connections = object.__objectSignals__[signalName];
        if (connections) {
            connections.forEach(function(callback) {
                callback.apply(callback, signalArgs);
            });
        }
    }

    this.propertyUpdate = function(signals, propertyMap)
    {
        // update property cache
        for (var propertyIndex in propertyMap) {
            var propertyValue = propertyMap[propertyIndex];
            object.__propertyCache__[propertyIndex] = propertyValue;
        }

        for (var signalName in signals) {
            // Invoke all callbacks, as signalEmitted() does not. This ensures the
            // property cache is updated before the callbacks are invoked.
            invokeSignalCallbacks(signalName, signals[signalName]);
        }
    }

    this.signalEmitted = function(signalName, signalArgs)
    {
        invokeSignalCallbacks(signalName, signalArgs);
    }

    function addMethod(methodData)
    {
        var methodName = methodData[0];
        var methodIdx = methodData[1];
        object[methodName] = function() {
            var args = [];
            var callback;
            for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; ++i) {
                if (typeof arguments[i] === "function")
                    callback = arguments[i];
                else
                    args.push(arguments[i]);
            }

            webChannel.exec({
                "type": QWebChannelMessageTypes.invokeMethod,
                "object": object.__id__,
                "method": methodIdx,
                "args": args
            }, function(response) {
                if (response !== undefined) {
                    var result = object.unwrapQObject(response);
                    if (callback) {
                        (callback)(result);
                    }
                }
            });
        };
    }

    function bindGetterSetter(propertyInfo)
    {
        var propertyIndex = propertyInfo[0];
        var propertyName = propertyInfo[1];
        var notifySignalData = propertyInfo[2];
        // initialize property cache with current value
        // NOTE: if this is an object, it is not directly unwrapped as it might
        // reference other QObject that we do not know yet
        object.__propertyCache__[propertyIndex] = propertyInfo[3];

        if (notifySignalData) {
            if (notifySignalData[0] === 1) {
                // signal name is optimized away, reconstruct the actual name
                notifySignalData[0] = propertyName + "Changed";
            }
            addSignal(notifySignalData, true);
        }

        Object.defineProperty(object, propertyName, {
            configurable: true,
            get: function () {
                var propertyValue = object.__propertyCache__[propertyIndex];
                if (propertyValue === undefined) {
                    // This shouldn't happen
                    console.warn("Undefined value in property cache for property \"" + propertyName + "\" in object " + object.__id__);
                }

                return propertyValue;
            },
            set: function(value) {
                if (value === undefined) {
                    console.warn("Property setter for " + propertyName + " called with undefined value!");
                    return;
                }
                object.__propertyCache__[propertyIndex] = value;
                webChannel.exec({
                    "type": QWebChannelMessageTypes.setProperty,
                    "object": object.__id__,
                    "property": propertyIndex,
                    "value": value
                });
            }
        });

    }

    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------

    data.methods.forEach(addMethod);

    data.properties.forEach(bindGetterSetter);

    data.signals.forEach(function(signal) { addSignal(signal, false); });

    for (var name in data.enums) {
        object[name] = data.enums[name];
    }
}

//required for use with nodejs
if (typeof module === 'object') {
    module.exports = {
        QWebChannel: QWebChannel
    };
}

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/****************************************************************************

** Contact: https://www.qt.io/licensing/

** This file is part of the QtWebChannel module of the Qt Toolkit.

** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:BSD$

** Commercial License Usage

** Licensees holding valid commercial Qt licenses may use this file in

** accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the

** Software or, alternatively, in accordance with the terms contained in

** a written agreement between you and The Qt Company. For licensing terms

** and conditions see https://www.qt.io/terms-conditions. For further

** information use the contact form at https://www.qt.io/contact-us.

** BSD License Usage

** Alternatively, you may use this file under the terms of the BSD license

** as follows:

** "Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without

** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are

** met:

** * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright

** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

** * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright

** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in

** the documentation and/or other materials provided with the

** distribution.

** * Neither the name of The Qt Company Ltd nor the names of its

** contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived

** from this software without specific prior written permission.

** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS

** "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT

** LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR

** A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT

** OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,

** SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT

** LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,

** DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY

** THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT

** (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE

** OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE."

** $QT_END_LICENSE$

****************************************************************************/

"use strict";

var QWebChannelMessageTypes = {

signal: 1,

propertyUpdate: 2,

init: 3,

idle: 4,

debug: 5,

invokeMethod: 6,

connectToSignal: 7,

disconnectFromSignal: 8,

setProperty: 9,

response: 10,

};

var QWebChannel = function(transport, initCallback)

{

if (typeof transport !== "object" || typeof transport.send !== "function") {

console.error("The QWebChannel expects a transport object with a send function and onmessage callback property." +

" Given is: transport: " + typeof(transport) + ", transport.send: " + typeof(transport.send));

return;

}

var channel = this;

this.transport = transport;

this.send = function(data)

{

if (typeof(data) !== "string") {

data = JSON.stringify(data);

}

channel.transport.send(data);

}

this.transport.onmessage = function(message)

{

var data = message.data;

if (typeof data === "string") {

data = JSON.parse(data);

}

switch (data.type) {

case QWebChannelMessageTypes.signal:

channel.handleSignal(data);

break;

case QWebChannelMessageTypes.response:

channel.handleResponse(data);

break;

case QWebChannelMessageTypes.propertyUpdate:

channel.handlePropertyUpdate(data);

break;

default:

console.error("invalid message received:", message.data);

break;

}

this.execCallbacks = {};

this.execId = 0;

this.exec = function(data, callback)

{

if (!callback) {

// if no callback is given, send directly

channel.send(data);

return;

}

if (channel.execId === Number.MAX_VALUE) {

// wrap

channel.execId = Number.MIN_VALUE;

}

if (data.hasOwnProperty("id")) {

console.error("Cannot exec message with property id: " + JSON.stringify(data));

return;

}

data.id = channel.execId++;

channel.execCallbacks[data.id] = callback;

channel.send(data);

};

this.objects = {};

this.handleSignal = function(message)

{

var object = channel.objects[message.object];

if (object) {

object.signalEmitted(message.signal, message.args);

} else {

console.warn("Unhandled signal: " + message.object + "::" + message.signal);

}

this.handleResponse = function(message)

{

if (!message.hasOwnProperty("id")) {

console.error("Invalid response message received: ", JSON.stringify(message));

return;

}

channel.execCallbacks[message.id](message.data);

delete channel.execCallbacks[message.id];

}

this.handlePropertyUpdate = function(message)

{

for (var i in message.data) {

var data = message.data[i];

var object = channel.objects[data.object];

if (object) {

object.propertyUpdate(data.signals, data.properties);

} else {

console.warn("Unhandled property update: " + data.object + "::" + data.signal);

}

channel.exec({type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.idle});

}

this.debug = function(message)

{

channel.send({type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.debug, data: message});

};

channel.exec({type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.init}, function(data) {

for (var objectName in data) {

var object = new QObject(objectName, data[objectName], channel);

}

// now unwrap properties, which might reference other registered objects

for (var objectName in channel.objects) {

channel.objects[objectName].unwrapProperties();

}

if (initCallback) {

initCallback(channel);

}

channel.exec({type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.idle});

});

};

function QObject(name, data, webChannel)

{

this.__id__ = name;

webChannel.objects[name] = this;

// List of callbacks that get invoked upon signal emission

this.__objectSignals__ = {};

// Cache of all properties, updated when a notify signal is emitted

this.__propertyCache__ = {};

var object = this;

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------

this.unwrapQObject = function(response)

{

if (response instanceof Array) {

// support list of objects

var ret = new Array(response.length);

for (var i = 0; i < response.length; ++i) {

ret[i] = object.unwrapQObject(response[i]);

}

return ret;

}

if (!response

|| !response["__QObject*__"]

|| response.id === undefined) {

return response;

}

var objectId = response.id;

if (webChannel.objects[objectId])

return webChannel.objects[objectId];

if (!response.data) {

console.error("Cannot unwrap unknown QObject " + objectId + " without data.");

return;

}

var qObject = new QObject( objectId, response.data, webChannel );

qObject.destroyed.connect(function() {

if (webChannel.objects[objectId] === qObject) {

delete webChannel.objects[objectId];

// reset the now deleted QObject to an empty {} object

// just assigning {} though would not have the desired effect, but the

// below also ensures all external references will see the empty map

// NOTE: this detour is necessary to workaround QTBUG-40021

var propertyNames = [];

for (var propertyName in qObject) {

propertyNames.push(propertyName);

}

for (var idx in propertyNames) {

delete qObject[propertyNames[idx]];

}

});

// here we are already initialized, and thus must directly unwrap the properties

qObject.unwrapProperties();

return qObject;

}

this.unwrapProperties = function()

{

for (var propertyIdx in object.__propertyCache__) {

object.__propertyCache__[propertyIdx] = object.unwrapQObject(object.__propertyCache__[propertyIdx]);

}

function addSignal(signalData, isPropertyNotifySignal)

{

var signalName = signalData[0];

var signalIndex = signalData[1];

object[signalName] = {

connect: function(callback) {

if (typeof(callback) !== "function") {

console.error("Bad callback given to connect to signal " + signalName);

return;

}

object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex] = object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex] || [];

object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex].push(callback);

if (!isPropertyNotifySignal && signalName !== "destroyed") {

// only required for "pure" signals, handled separately for properties in propertyUpdate

// also note that we always get notified about the destroyed signal

webChannel.exec({

type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.connectToSignal,

object: object.__id__,

signal: signalIndex

});

}

disconnect: function(callback) {

if (typeof(callback) !== "function") {

console.error("Bad callback given to disconnect from signal " + signalName);

return;

}

object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex] = object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex] || [];

var idx = object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex].indexOf(callback);

if (idx === -1) {

console.error("Cannot find connection of signal " + signalName + " to " + callback.name);

return;

}

object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex].splice(idx, 1);

if (!isPropertyNotifySignal && object.__objectSignals__[signalIndex].length === 0) {

// only required for "pure" signals, handled separately for properties in propertyUpdate

webChannel.exec({

type: QWebChannelMessageTypes.disconnectFromSignal,

object: object.__id__,

signal: signalIndex

});

}

};

}

/**

* Invokes all callbacks for the given signalname. Also works for property notify callbacks.

function invokeSignalCallbacks(signalName, signalArgs)

{

var connections = object.__objectSignals__[signalName];

if (connections) {

connections.forEach(function(callback) {

callback.apply(callback, signalArgs);

});

}

this.propertyUpdate = function(signals, propertyMap)

{

// update property cache

for (var propertyIndex in propertyMap) {

var propertyValue = propertyMap[propertyIndex];

object.__propertyCache__[propertyIndex] = propertyValue;

}

for (var signalName in signals) {

// Invoke all callbacks, as signalEmitted() does not. This ensures the

// property cache is updated before the callbacks are invoked.

invokeSignalCallbacks(signalName, signals[signalName]);

}

this.signalEmitted = function(signalName, signalArgs)

{

invokeSignalCallbacks(signalName, signalArgs);

}

function addMethod(methodData)

{

var methodName = methodData[0];

var methodIdx = methodData[1];

object[methodName] = function() {

var args = [];

var callback;

for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; ++i) {

if (typeof arguments[i] === "function")

callback = arguments[i];

else

args.push(arguments[i]);

}

webChannel.exec({

"type": QWebChannelMessageTypes.invokeMethod,

"object": object.__id__,

"method": methodIdx,

"args": args

}, function(response) {

if (response !== undefined) {

var result = object.unwrapQObject(response);

if (callback) {

(callback)(result);

}

});

};

}

function bindGetterSetter(propertyInfo)

{

var propertyIndex = propertyInfo[0];

var propertyName = propertyInfo[1];

var notifySignalData = propertyInfo[2];

// initialize property cache with current value

// NOTE: if this is an object, it is not directly unwrapped as it might

// reference other QObject that we do not know yet

object.__propertyCache__[propertyIndex] = propertyInfo[3];

if (notifySignalData) {

if (notifySignalData[0] === 1) {

// signal name is optimized away, reconstruct the actual name

notifySignalData[0] = propertyName + "Changed";

}

addSignal(notifySignalData, true);

}

Object.defineProperty(object, propertyName, {

configurable: true,

get: function () {

var propertyValue = object.__propertyCache__[propertyIndex];

if (propertyValue === undefined) {

// This shouldn't happen

console.warn("Undefined value in property cache for property \"" + propertyName + "\" in object " + object.__id__);

}

return propertyValue;

set: function(value) {

if (value === undefined) {

console.warn("Property setter for " + propertyName + " called with undefined value!");

return;

}

object.__propertyCache__[propertyIndex] = value;

webChannel.exec({

"type": QWebChannelMessageTypes.setProperty,

"object": object.__id__,

"property": propertyIndex,

"value": value

});

}

});

}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------

data.methods.forEach(addMethod);

data.properties.forEach(bindGetterSetter);

data.signals.forEach(function(signal) { addSignal(signal, false); });

for (var name in data.enums) {

object[name] = data.enums[name];

}

//required for use with nodejs

if (typeof module === 'object') {

module.exports = {

QWebChannel: QWebChannel

};

}

参考链接

PyQt5出现ImportError cannot import name 'QtWebEngineWidgets' from 'PyQt5' 问题解决

今天想在macOS Catalina(10.15.4)系统上，测试一下Python下的QT界面操作，结果在执行

from PyQt5 import QtWebEngineWidgets

1	from PyQt5 import QtWebEngineWidgets

的时候，报告如下错误：

Exception has occurred: ImportError
cannot import name 'QtWebEngineWidgets' from 'PyQt5' (/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/PyQt5/__init__.py)
  File "demoUI.py", line 10, in <module>
    from PyQt5 import QtWebEngineWidgets

Exception has occurred: ImportError

cannot import name 'QtWebEngineWidgets' from 'PyQt5' (/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/PyQt5/__init__.py)

File "demoUI.py", line 10, in <module>

from PyQt5 import QtWebEngineWidgets

也有可能报告：

No module named PyQt5.QtWebEngineWidgets

1	No module named PyQt5.QtWebEngineWidgets

查了好久才在Stack Overflow上找到一个回答，说是这个模块被PyQt5移除了，需要单独安装。

安装命令为：

$ pip install PyQtWebEngine

1	$ pip install PyQtWebEngine

参考链接

Python-PyQt5-PyQtWebEngine采坑记录-- No module named PyQt5.QtWebEngineWidgets

PyQt5出现No module named 'PyQt5.sip'问题解决

今天想在macOS Catalina(10.15.4)系统上，测试一下Python下的QT界面操作，结果在执行

from PyQt5 import QtCore

1	from PyQt5 import QtCore

的时候报告错误：

No module named 'PyQt5.sip'

1	No module named 'PyQt5.sip'

解决方法如下：

$ python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

$ pip3 install SIP

$ pip3 install pyQt5

$ pip3 install --upgrade PyQt5

$ pip3 install PyQtWebEngine

$ python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

$ pip3 install SIP

$ pip3 install pyQt5

$ pip3 install --upgrade PyQt5

$ pip3 install PyQtWebEngine

参考链接

No module named 'pip._internal.cli.main'

今天，在macOS Catalina (10.15.4)系统上执行升级pip的命令

$ pip3 install --upgrade pip

1	$ pip3 install --upgrade pip

之后，执行更新命令，报告错误。如下：

$ pip3 install --upgrade PyQt5
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/pip3", line 5, in <module>
    from pip._internal.cli.main import main
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pip._internal.cli.main'

$ pip3 install --upgrade PyQt5

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/usr/local/bin/pip3", line 5, in <module>

from pip._internal.cli.main import main

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pip._internal.cli.main'

解决方法为重新升级安装一次 pip，如下：

$ python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

1	$ python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

参考链接

解决 ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pip._internal'

pip批量更新过期的python库

今天看了下系统环境，不少python库都有了更新，再用旧版本库可能已经不适合了，就想把所有的库都更新到最新版本。

查看系统里过期的python库，可以用pip命令

$ pip list #列出所有安装的库

1	$ pip list #列出所有安装的库

$ pip list --outdated #列出所有过期的库

1	$ pip list --outdated #列出所有过期的库

对于列出的过期库，pip也提供了更新的命令

$ pip install --upgrade 库名

1	$ pip install --upgrade 库名

但此命令不支持全局全部库升级。

在stackoverflow上有人提供了批量更新的办法，一个循环就搞定（注意--upgrade后面的空格）

import pip
from subprocess import call

for dist in pip.get_installed_distributions():
    call("pip install --upgrade " + dist.project_name, shell=True)

import pip

from subprocess import call

for dist in pip.get_installed_distributions():

call("pip install --upgrade " + dist.project_name, shell=True)

另外的也有人提到用 pip-review ，不想安装就没用

$ pip install pip-review

$ pip-review --local --interactive --auto

$ pip install pip-review

$ pip-review --local --interactive --auto

参考链接

pip --upgrade批量更新过期的python库

openpyxl - A Python library to read/write Excel 2010 xlsx/xlsm files

$ pip install openpyxl

1	$ pip install openpyxl

from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook()

# grab the active worksheet
ws = wb.active

# Data can be assigned directly to cells
ws['A1'] = 42

# Rows can also be appended
ws.append([1, 2, 3])

# Python types will automatically be converted
import datetime
ws['A2'] = datetime.datetime.now()

# Save the file
wb.save("sample.xlsx")

from openpyxl import Workbook

wb = Workbook()

# grab the active worksheet

ws = wb.active

# Data can be assigned directly to cells

ws['A1'] = 42

# Rows can also be appended

ws.append([1, 2, 3])

# Python types will automatically be converted

import datetime

ws['A2'] = datetime.datetime.now()

# Save the file

wb.save("sample.xlsx")

openpyxl特点

openpyxl（可读写excel表）专门处理Excel2007及以上版本产生的xlsx文件，xls和xlsx之间转换容易注意：如果文字编码是“gb2312” 读取后就会显示乱码，请先转成Unicode

继续阅读openpyxl - A Python library to read/write Excel 2010 xlsx/xlsm files

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