深海游弋的鱼 – 默默的点滴

最近需要 Python 实现 AES 加解密操作，在目前的 macOS Big Sur (11.4) 上使用 PyCryptodome 或 PyCrypto 都会报错：

ImportError: No module named 'Crypto'

1	ImportError: No module named 'Crypto'

经过测试，我们可以使用 cryptography 来实现这个功能，如下：

>>> import os
>>> from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers import Cipher, algorithms, modes
>>> key = os.urandom(32)
>>> iv = os.urandom(16)
>>> cipher = Cipher(algorithms.AES(key), modes.CBC(iv))
>>> encryptor = cipher.encryptor()
>>> ct = encryptor.update(b"a secret message") + encryptor.finalize()
>>> decryptor = cipher.decryptor()
>>> decryptor.update(ct) + decryptor.finalize()
b'a secret message'

>>> import os

>>> from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers import Cipher, algorithms, modes

>>> key = os.urandom(32)

>>> iv = os.urandom(16)

>>> cipher = Cipher(algorithms.AES(key), modes.CBC(iv))

>>> encryptor = cipher.encryptor()

>>> ct = encryptor.update(b"a secret message") + encryptor.finalize()

>>> decryptor = cipher.decryptor()

>>> decryptor.update(ct) + decryptor.finalize()

b'a secret message'

参考 AES 算法实现代码：

#!/usr/bin/python
#
# aes.py: implements AES - Advanced Encryption Standard
# from the SlowAES project, http://code.google.com/p/slowaes/
#
# Copyright (c) 2008    Josh Davis ( http://www.josh-davis.org ),
#           Alex Martelli ( http://www.aleax.it )
#
# Ported from C code written by Laurent Haan ( http://www.progressive-coding.com )
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/
#
import os
import sys
import math

class AES(object):
    '''AES funtions for a single block
    '''
    # Very annoying code:  all is for an object, but no state is kept!
    # Should just be plain functions in a AES modlule.
    
    # valid key sizes
    keySize = dict(SIZE_128=16, SIZE_192=24, SIZE_256=32)

    # Rijndael S-box
    sbox =  [0x63, 0x7c, 0x77, 0x7b, 0xf2, 0x6b, 0x6f, 0xc5, 0x30, 0x01, 0x67,
            0x2b, 0xfe, 0xd7, 0xab, 0x76, 0xca, 0x82, 0xc9, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0x59,
            0x47, 0xf0, 0xad, 0xd4, 0xa2, 0xaf, 0x9c, 0xa4, 0x72, 0xc0, 0xb7,
            0xfd, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3f, 0xf7, 0xcc, 0x34, 0xa5, 0xe5, 0xf1,
            0x71, 0xd8, 0x31, 0x15, 0x04, 0xc7, 0x23, 0xc3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05,
            0x9a, 0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xe2, 0xeb, 0x27, 0xb2, 0x75, 0x09, 0x83,
            0x2c, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x6e, 0x5a, 0xa0, 0x52, 0x3b, 0xd6, 0xb3, 0x29,
            0xe3, 0x2f, 0x84, 0x53, 0xd1, 0x00, 0xed, 0x20, 0xfc, 0xb1, 0x5b,
            0x6a, 0xcb, 0xbe, 0x39, 0x4a, 0x4c, 0x58, 0xcf, 0xd0, 0xef, 0xaa,
            0xfb, 0x43, 0x4d, 0x33, 0x85, 0x45, 0xf9, 0x02, 0x7f, 0x50, 0x3c,
            0x9f, 0xa8, 0x51, 0xa3, 0x40, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x9d, 0x38, 0xf5, 0xbc,
            0xb6, 0xda, 0x21, 0x10, 0xff, 0xf3, 0xd2, 0xcd, 0x0c, 0x13, 0xec,
            0x5f, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17, 0xc4, 0xa7, 0x7e, 0x3d, 0x64, 0x5d, 0x19,
            0x73, 0x60, 0x81, 0x4f, 0xdc, 0x22, 0x2a, 0x90, 0x88, 0x46, 0xee,
            0xb8, 0x14, 0xde, 0x5e, 0x0b, 0xdb, 0xe0, 0x32, 0x3a, 0x0a, 0x49,
            0x06, 0x24, 0x5c, 0xc2, 0xd3, 0xac, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xe4, 0x79,
            0xe7, 0xc8, 0x37, 0x6d, 0x8d, 0xd5, 0x4e, 0xa9, 0x6c, 0x56, 0xf4,
            0xea, 0x65, 0x7a, 0xae, 0x08, 0xba, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2e, 0x1c, 0xa6,
            0xb4, 0xc6, 0xe8, 0xdd, 0x74, 0x1f, 0x4b, 0xbd, 0x8b, 0x8a, 0x70,
            0x3e, 0xb5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xf6, 0x0e, 0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xb9,
            0x86, 0xc1, 0x1d, 0x9e, 0xe1, 0xf8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xd9, 0x8e,
            0x94, 0x9b, 0x1e, 0x87, 0xe9, 0xce, 0x55, 0x28, 0xdf, 0x8c, 0xa1,
            0x89, 0x0d, 0xbf, 0xe6, 0x42, 0x68, 0x41, 0x99, 0x2d, 0x0f, 0xb0,
            0x54, 0xbb, 0x16]

    # Rijndael Inverted S-box
    rsbox = [0x52, 0x09, 0x6a, 0xd5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xa5, 0x38, 0xbf, 0x40, 0xa3,
            0x9e, 0x81, 0xf3, 0xd7, 0xfb , 0x7c, 0xe3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9b, 0x2f,
            0xff, 0x87, 0x34, 0x8e, 0x43, 0x44, 0xc4, 0xde, 0xe9, 0xcb , 0x54,
            0x7b, 0x94, 0x32, 0xa6, 0xc2, 0x23, 0x3d, 0xee, 0x4c, 0x95, 0x0b,
            0x42, 0xfa, 0xc3, 0x4e , 0x08, 0x2e, 0xa1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xd9, 0x24,
            0xb2, 0x76, 0x5b, 0xa2, 0x49, 0x6d, 0x8b, 0xd1, 0x25 , 0x72, 0xf8,
            0xf6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16, 0xd4, 0xa4, 0x5c, 0xcc, 0x5d,
            0x65, 0xb6, 0x92 , 0x6c, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xfd, 0xed, 0xb9, 0xda,
            0x5e, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xa7, 0x8d, 0x9d, 0x84 , 0x90, 0xd8, 0xab,
            0x00, 0x8c, 0xbc, 0xd3, 0x0a, 0xf7, 0xe4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xb8, 0xb3,
            0x45, 0x06 , 0xd0, 0x2c, 0x1e, 0x8f, 0xca, 0x3f, 0x0f, 0x02, 0xc1,
            0xaf, 0xbd, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8a, 0x6b , 0x3a, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41,
            0x4f, 0x67, 0xdc, 0xea, 0x97, 0xf2, 0xcf, 0xce, 0xf0, 0xb4, 0xe6,
            0x73 , 0x96, 0xac, 0x74, 0x22, 0xe7, 0xad, 0x35, 0x85, 0xe2, 0xf9,
            0x37, 0xe8, 0x1c, 0x75, 0xdf, 0x6e , 0x47, 0xf1, 0x1a, 0x71, 0x1d,
            0x29, 0xc5, 0x89, 0x6f, 0xb7, 0x62, 0x0e, 0xaa, 0x18, 0xbe, 0x1b ,
            0xfc, 0x56, 0x3e, 0x4b, 0xc6, 0xd2, 0x79, 0x20, 0x9a, 0xdb, 0xc0,
            0xfe, 0x78, 0xcd, 0x5a, 0xf4 , 0x1f, 0xdd, 0xa8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07,
            0xc7, 0x31, 0xb1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xec, 0x5f , 0x60,
            0x51, 0x7f, 0xa9, 0x19, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x0d, 0x2d, 0xe5, 0x7a, 0x9f,
            0x93, 0xc9, 0x9c, 0xef , 0xa0, 0xe0, 0x3b, 0x4d, 0xae, 0x2a, 0xf5,
            0xb0, 0xc8, 0xeb, 0xbb, 0x3c, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61 , 0x17, 0x2b,
            0x04, 0x7e, 0xba, 0x77, 0xd6, 0x26, 0xe1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55,
            0x21, 0x0c, 0x7d]

    def getSBoxValue(self,num):
        """Retrieves a given S-Box Value"""
        return self.sbox[num]

    def getSBoxInvert(self,num):
        """Retrieves a given Inverted S-Box Value"""
        return self.rsbox[num]

    def rotate(self, word):
        """ Rijndael's key schedule rotate operation.

        Rotate a word eight bits to the left: eg, rotate(1d2c3a4f) == 2c3a4f1d
        Word is an char list of size 4 (32 bits overall).
        """
        return word[1:] + word[:1]

    # Rijndael Rcon
    Rcon = [0x8d, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36,
            0x6c, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x4d, 0x9a, 0x2f, 0x5e, 0xbc, 0x63, 0xc6, 0x97,
            0x35, 0x6a, 0xd4, 0xb3, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0xef, 0xc5, 0x91, 0x39, 0x72,
            0xe4, 0xd3, 0xbd, 0x61, 0xc2, 0x9f, 0x25, 0x4a, 0x94, 0x33, 0x66,
            0xcc, 0x83, 0x1d, 0x3a, 0x74, 0xe8, 0xcb, 0x8d, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04,
            0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36, 0x6c, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x4d,
            0x9a, 0x2f, 0x5e, 0xbc, 0x63, 0xc6, 0x97, 0x35, 0x6a, 0xd4, 0xb3,
            0x7d, 0xfa, 0xef, 0xc5, 0x91, 0x39, 0x72, 0xe4, 0xd3, 0xbd, 0x61,
            0xc2, 0x9f, 0x25, 0x4a, 0x94, 0x33, 0x66, 0xcc, 0x83, 0x1d, 0x3a,
            0x74, 0xe8, 0xcb, 0x8d, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40,
            0x80, 0x1b, 0x36, 0x6c, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x4d, 0x9a, 0x2f, 0x5e, 0xbc,
            0x63, 0xc6, 0x97, 0x35, 0x6a, 0xd4, 0xb3, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0xef, 0xc5,
            0x91, 0x39, 0x72, 0xe4, 0xd3, 0xbd, 0x61, 0xc2, 0x9f, 0x25, 0x4a,
            0x94, 0x33, 0x66, 0xcc, 0x83, 0x1d, 0x3a, 0x74, 0xe8, 0xcb, 0x8d,
            0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36, 0x6c,
            0xd8, 0xab, 0x4d, 0x9a, 0x2f, 0x5e, 0xbc, 0x63, 0xc6, 0x97, 0x35,
            0x6a, 0xd4, 0xb3, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0xef, 0xc5, 0x91, 0x39, 0x72, 0xe4,
            0xd3, 0xbd, 0x61, 0xc2, 0x9f, 0x25, 0x4a, 0x94, 0x33, 0x66, 0xcc,
            0x83, 0x1d, 0x3a, 0x74, 0xe8, 0xcb, 0x8d, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08,
            0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36, 0x6c, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x4d, 0x9a,
            0x2f, 0x5e, 0xbc, 0x63, 0xc6, 0x97, 0x35, 0x6a, 0xd4, 0xb3, 0x7d,
            0xfa, 0xef, 0xc5, 0x91, 0x39, 0x72, 0xe4, 0xd3, 0xbd, 0x61, 0xc2,
            0x9f, 0x25, 0x4a, 0x94, 0x33, 0x66, 0xcc, 0x83, 0x1d, 0x3a, 0x74,
            0xe8, 0xcb ]

    def getRconValue(self, num):
        """Retrieves a given Rcon Value"""
        return self.Rcon[num]

    def core(self, word, iteration):
        """Key schedule core."""
        # rotate the 32-bit word 8 bits to the left
        word = self.rotate(word)
        # apply S-Box substitution on all 4 parts of the 32-bit word
        for i in range(4):
            word[i] = self.getSBoxValue(word[i])
        # XOR the output of the rcon operation with i to the first part
        # (leftmost) only
        word[0] = word[0] ^ self.getRconValue(iteration)
        return word

    def expandKey(self, key, size, expandedKeySize):
        """Rijndael's key expansion.

        Expands an 128,192,256 key into an 176,208,240 bytes key

        expandedKey is a char list of large enough size,
        key is the non-expanded key.
        """
        # current expanded keySize, in bytes
        currentSize = 0
        rconIteration = 1
        expandedKey = [0] * expandedKeySize

        # set the 16, 24, 32 bytes of the expanded key to the input key
        for j in range(size):
            expandedKey[j] = key[j]
        currentSize += size

        while currentSize < expandedKeySize:
            # assign the previous 4 bytes to the temporary value t
            t = expandedKey[currentSize-4:currentSize]

            # every 16,24,32 bytes we apply the core schedule to t
            # and increment rconIteration afterwards
            if currentSize % size == 0:
                t = self.core(t, rconIteration)
                rconIteration += 1
            # For 256-bit keys, we add an extra sbox to the calculation
            if size == self.keySize["SIZE_256"] and ((currentSize % size) == 16):
                for l in range(4): t[l] = self.getSBoxValue(t[l])

            # We XOR t with the four-byte block 16,24,32 bytes before the new
            # expanded key.  This becomes the next four bytes in the expanded
            # key.
            for m in range(4):
                expandedKey[currentSize] = expandedKey[currentSize - size] ^ \
                        t[m]
                currentSize += 1

        return expandedKey

    def addRoundKey(self, state, roundKey):
        """Adds (XORs) the round key to the state."""
        for i in range(16):
            state[i] ^= roundKey[i]
        return state

    def createRoundKey(self, expandedKey, roundKeyPointer):
        """Create a round key.
        Creates a round key from the given expanded key and the
        position within the expanded key.
        """
        roundKey = [0] * 16
        for i in range(4):
            for j in range(4):
                roundKey[j*4+i] = expandedKey[roundKeyPointer + i*4 + j]
        return roundKey

    def galois_multiplication(self, a, b):
        """Galois multiplication of 8 bit characters a and b."""
        p = 0
        for counter in range(8):
            if b & 1: p ^= a
            hi_bit_set = a & 0x80
            a <<= 1
            # keep a 8 bit
            a &= 0xFF
            if hi_bit_set:
                a ^= 0x1b
            b >>= 1
        return p

    #
    # substitute all the values from the state with the value in the SBox
    # using the state value as index for the SBox
    #
    def subBytes(self, state, isInv):
        if isInv: getter = self.getSBoxInvert
        else: getter = self.getSBoxValue
        for i in range(16): state[i] = getter(state[i])
        return state

    # iterate over the 4 rows and call shiftRow() with that row
    def shiftRows(self, state, isInv):
        for i in range(4):
            state = self.shiftRow(state, i*4, i, isInv)
        return state

    # each iteration shifts the row to the left by 1
    def shiftRow(self, state, statePointer, nbr, isInv):
        for i in range(nbr):
            if isInv:
                state[statePointer:statePointer+4] = \
                        state[statePointer+3:statePointer+4] + \
                        state[statePointer:statePointer+3]
            else:
                state[statePointer:statePointer+4] = \
                        state[statePointer+1:statePointer+4] + \
                        state[statePointer:statePointer+1]
        return state

    # galois multiplication of the 4x4 matrix
    def mixColumns(self, state, isInv):
        # iterate over the 4 columns
        for i in range(4):
            # construct one column by slicing over the 4 rows
            column = state[i:i+16:4]
            # apply the mixColumn on one column
            column = self.mixColumn(column, isInv)
            # put the values back into the state
            state[i:i+16:4] = column

        return state

    # galois multiplication of 1 column of the 4x4 matrix
    def mixColumn(self, column, isInv):
        if isInv: mult = [14, 9, 13, 11]
        else: mult = [2, 1, 1, 3]
        cpy = list(column)
        g = self.galois_multiplication

        column[0] = g(cpy[0], mult[0]) ^ g(cpy[3], mult[1]) ^ \
                    g(cpy[2], mult[2]) ^ g(cpy[1], mult[3])
        column[1] = g(cpy[1], mult[0]) ^ g(cpy[0], mult[1]) ^ \
                    g(cpy[3], mult[2]) ^ g(cpy[2], mult[3])
        column[2] = g(cpy[2], mult[0]) ^ g(cpy[1], mult[1]) ^ \
                    g(cpy[0], mult[2]) ^ g(cpy[3], mult[3])
        column[3] = g(cpy[3], mult[0]) ^ g(cpy[2], mult[1]) ^ \
                    g(cpy[1], mult[2]) ^ g(cpy[0], mult[3])
        return column

    # applies the 4 operations of the forward round in sequence
    def aes_round(self, state, roundKey):
        state = self.subBytes(state, False)
        state = self.shiftRows(state, False)
        state = self.mixColumns(state, False)
        state = self.addRoundKey(state, roundKey)
        return state

    # applies the 4 operations of the inverse round in sequence
    def aes_invRound(self, state, roundKey):
        state = self.shiftRows(state, True)
        state = self.subBytes(state, True)
        state = self.addRoundKey(state, roundKey)
        state = self.mixColumns(state, True)
        return state

    # Perform the initial operations, the standard round, and the final
    # operations of the forward aes, creating a round key for each round
    def aes_main(self, state, expandedKey, nbrRounds):
        state = self.addRoundKey(state, self.createRoundKey(expandedKey, 0))
        i = 1
        while i < nbrRounds:
            state = self.aes_round(state,
                                   self.createRoundKey(expandedKey, 16*i))
            i += 1
        state = self.subBytes(state, False)
        state = self.shiftRows(state, False)
        state = self.addRoundKey(state,
                                 self.createRoundKey(expandedKey, 16*nbrRounds))
        return state

    # Perform the initial operations, the standard round, and the final
    # operations of the inverse aes, creating a round key for each round
    def aes_invMain(self, state, expandedKey, nbrRounds):
        state = self.addRoundKey(state,
                                 self.createRoundKey(expandedKey, 16*nbrRounds))
        i = nbrRounds - 1
        while i > 0:
            state = self.aes_invRound(state,
                                      self.createRoundKey(expandedKey, 16*i))
            i -= 1
        state = self.shiftRows(state, True)
        state = self.subBytes(state, True)
        state = self.addRoundKey(state, self.createRoundKey(expandedKey, 0))
        return state

    # encrypts a 128 bit input block against the given key of size specified
    def encrypt(self, iput, key, size):
        output = [0] * 16
        # the number of rounds
        nbrRounds = 0
        # the 128 bit block to encode
        block = [0] * 16
        # set the number of rounds
        if size == self.keySize["SIZE_128"]: nbrRounds = 10
        elif size == self.keySize["SIZE_192"]: nbrRounds = 12
        elif size == self.keySize["SIZE_256"]: nbrRounds = 14
        else: return None

        # the expanded keySize
        expandedKeySize = 16*(nbrRounds+1)

        # Set the block values, for the block:
        # a0,0 a0,1 a0,2 a0,3
        # a1,0 a1,1 a1,2 a1,3
        # a2,0 a2,1 a2,2 a2,3
        # a3,0 a3,1 a3,2 a3,3
        # the mapping order is a0,0 a1,0 a2,0 a3,0 a0,1 a1,1 ... a2,3 a3,3
        #
        # iterate over the columns
        for i in range(4):
            # iterate over the rows
            for j in range(4):
                block[(i+(j*4))] = iput[(i*4)+j]

        # expand the key into an 176, 208, 240 bytes key
        # the expanded key
        expandedKey = self.expandKey(key, size, expandedKeySize)

        # encrypt the block using the expandedKey
        block = self.aes_main(block, expandedKey, nbrRounds)

        # unmap the block again into the output
        for k in range(4):
            # iterate over the rows
            for l in range(4):
                output[(k*4)+l] = block[(k+(l*4))]
        return output

    # decrypts a 128 bit input block against the given key of size specified
    def decrypt(self, iput, key, size):
        output = [0] * 16
        # the number of rounds
        nbrRounds = 0
        # the 128 bit block to decode
        block = [0] * 16
        # set the number of rounds
        if size == self.keySize["SIZE_128"]: nbrRounds = 10
        elif size == self.keySize["SIZE_192"]: nbrRounds = 12
        elif size == self.keySize["SIZE_256"]: nbrRounds = 14
        else: return None

        # the expanded keySize
        expandedKeySize = 16*(nbrRounds+1)

        # Set the block values, for the block:
        # a0,0 a0,1 a0,2 a0,3
        # a1,0 a1,1 a1,2 a1,3
        # a2,0 a2,1 a2,2 a2,3
        # a3,0 a3,1 a3,2 a3,3
        # the mapping order is a0,0 a1,0 a2,0 a3,0 a0,1 a1,1 ... a2,3 a3,3

        # iterate over the columns
        for i in range(4):
            # iterate over the rows
            for j in range(4):
                block[(i+(j*4))] = iput[(i*4)+j]
        # expand the key into an 176, 208, 240 bytes key
        expandedKey = self.expandKey(key, size, expandedKeySize)
        # decrypt the block using the expandedKey
        block = self.aes_invMain(block, expandedKey, nbrRounds)
        # unmap the block again into the output
        for k in range(4):
            # iterate over the rows
            for l in range(4):
                output[(k*4)+l] = block[(k+(l*4))]
        return output


class AESModeOfOperation(object):
    '''Handles AES with plaintext consistingof multiple blocks.
    Choice of block encoding modes:  OFT, CFB, CBC
    '''
    # Very annoying code:  all is for an object, but no state is kept!
    # Should just be plain functions in an AES_BlockMode module.
    aes = AES()

    # structure of supported modes of operation
    modeOfOperation = dict(OFB=0, CFB=1, CBC=2)

    # converts a 16 character string into a number array
    def convertString(self, string, start, end, mode):
        if end - start > 16: end = start + 16
        if mode == self.modeOfOperation["CBC"]: ar = [0] * 16
        else: ar = []

        i = start
        j = 0
        while len(ar) < end - start:
            ar.append(0)
        while i < end:
            ar[j] = ord(string[i])
            j += 1
            i += 1
        return ar

    # Mode of Operation Encryption
    # stringIn - Input String
    # mode - mode of type modeOfOperation
    # hexKey - a hex key of the bit length size
    # size - the bit length of the key
    # hexIV - the 128 bit hex Initilization Vector
    def encrypt(self, stringIn, mode, key, size, IV):
        if len(key) % size:
            return None
        if len(IV) % 16:
            return None
        # the AES input/output
        plaintext = []
        iput = [0] * 16
        output = []
        ciphertext = [0] * 16
        # the output cipher string
        cipherOut = []
        # char firstRound
        firstRound = True
        if stringIn != None:
            for j in range(int(math.ceil(float(len(stringIn))/16))):
                start = j*16
                end = j*16+16
                if  end > len(stringIn):
                    end = len(stringIn)
                plaintext = self.convertString(stringIn, start, end, mode)
                # print 'PT@%s:%s' % (j, plaintext)
                if mode == self.modeOfOperation["CFB"]:
                    if firstRound:
                        output = self.aes.encrypt(IV, key, size)
                        firstRound = False
                    else:
                        output = self.aes.encrypt(iput, key, size)
                    for i in range(16):
                        if len(plaintext)-1 < i:
                            ciphertext[i] = 0 ^ output[i]
                        elif len(output)-1 < i:
                            ciphertext[i] = plaintext[i] ^ 0
                        elif len(plaintext)-1 < i and len(output) < i:
                            ciphertext[i] = 0 ^ 0
                        else:
                            ciphertext[i] = plaintext[i] ^ output[i]
                    for k in range(end-start):
                        cipherOut.append(ciphertext[k])
                    iput = ciphertext
                elif mode == self.modeOfOperation["OFB"]:
                    if firstRound:
                        output = self.aes.encrypt(IV, key, size)
                        firstRound = False
                    else:
                        output = self.aes.encrypt(iput, key, size)
                    for i in range(16):
                        if len(plaintext)-1 < i:
                            ciphertext[i] = 0 ^ output[i]
                        elif len(output)-1 < i:
                            ciphertext[i] = plaintext[i] ^ 0
                        elif len(plaintext)-1 < i and len(output) < i:
                            ciphertext[i] = 0 ^ 0
                        else:
                            ciphertext[i] = plaintext[i] ^ output[i]
                    for k in range(end-start):
                        cipherOut.append(ciphertext[k])
                    iput = output
                elif mode == self.modeOfOperation["CBC"]:
                    for i in range(16):
                        if firstRound:
                            iput[i] =  plaintext[i] ^ IV[i]
                        else:
                            iput[i] =  plaintext[i] ^ ciphertext[i]
                    # print 'IP@%s:%s' % (j, iput)
                    firstRound = False
                    ciphertext = self.aes.encrypt(iput, key, size)
                    # always 16 bytes because of the padding for CBC
                    for k in range(16):
                        cipherOut.append(ciphertext[k])
        return mode, len(stringIn), cipherOut

    # Mode of Operation Decryption
    # cipherIn - Encrypted String
    # originalsize - The unencrypted string length - required for CBC
    # mode - mode of type modeOfOperation
    # key - a number array of the bit length size
    # size - the bit length of the key
    # IV - the 128 bit number array Initilization Vector
    def decrypt(self, cipherIn, originalsize, mode, key, size, IV):
        # cipherIn = unescCtrlChars(cipherIn)
        if len(key) % size:
            return None
        if len(IV) % 16:
            return None
        # the AES input/output
        ciphertext = []
        iput = []
        output = []
        plaintext = [0] * 16
        # the output plain text character list
        chrOut = []
        # char firstRound
        firstRound = True
        if cipherIn != None:
            for j in range(int(math.ceil(float(len(cipherIn))/16))):
                start = j*16
                end = j*16+16
                if j*16+16 > len(cipherIn):
                    end = len(cipherIn)
                ciphertext = cipherIn[start:end]
                if mode == self.modeOfOperation["CFB"]:
                    if firstRound:
                        output = self.aes.encrypt(IV, key, size)
                        firstRound = False
                    else:
                        output = self.aes.encrypt(iput, key, size)
                    for i in range(16):
                        if len(output)-1 < i:
                            plaintext[i] = 0 ^ ciphertext[i]
                        elif len(ciphertext)-1 < i:
                            plaintext[i] = output[i] ^ 0
                        elif len(output)-1 < i and len(ciphertext) < i:
                            plaintext[i] = 0 ^ 0
                        else:
                            plaintext[i] = output[i] ^ ciphertext[i]
                    for k in range(end-start):
                        chrOut.append(chr(plaintext[k]))
                    iput = ciphertext
                elif mode == self.modeOfOperation["OFB"]:
                    if firstRound:
                        output = self.aes.encrypt(IV, key, size)
                        firstRound = False
                    else:
                        output = self.aes.encrypt(iput, key, size)
                    for i in range(16):
                        if len(output)-1 < i:
                            plaintext[i] = 0 ^ ciphertext[i]
                        elif len(ciphertext)-1 < i:
                            plaintext[i] = output[i] ^ 0
                        elif len(output)-1 < i and len(ciphertext) < i:
                            plaintext[i] = 0 ^ 0
                        else:
                            plaintext[i] = output[i] ^ ciphertext[i]
                    for k in range(end-start):
                        chrOut.append(chr(plaintext[k]))
                    iput = output
                elif mode == self.modeOfOperation["CBC"]:
                    output = self.aes.decrypt(ciphertext, key, size)
                    for i in range(16):
                        if firstRound:
                            plaintext[i] = IV[i] ^ output[i]
                        else:
                            plaintext[i] = iput[i] ^ output[i]
                    firstRound = False
                    if originalsize is not None and originalsize < end:
                        for k in range(originalsize-start):
                            chrOut.append(chr(plaintext[k]))
                    else:
                        for k in range(end-start):
                            chrOut.append(chr(plaintext[k]))
                    iput = ciphertext
        return "".join(chrOut)


def append_PKCS7_padding(s):
    """return s padded to a multiple of 16-bytes by PKCS7 padding"""
    numpads = 16 - (len(s)%16)
    return s + numpads*chr(numpads)

def strip_PKCS7_padding(s):
    """return s stripped of PKCS7 padding"""
    if len(s)%16 or not s:
        raise ValueError("String of len %d can't be PCKS7-padded" % len(s))
    numpads = ord(s[-1])
    if numpads > 16:
        raise ValueError("String ending with %r can't be PCKS7-padded" % s[-1])
    return s[:-numpads]

def encryptData(key, data, mode=AESModeOfOperation.modeOfOperation["CBC"]):
    """encrypt `data` using `key`

    `key` should be a string of bytes.

    returned cipher is a string of bytes prepended with the initialization
    vector.

    """
    key = map(ord, key)
    if mode == AESModeOfOperation.modeOfOperation["CBC"]:
        data = append_PKCS7_padding(data)
    keysize = len(key)
    assert keysize in AES.keySize.values(), 'invalid key size: %s' % keysize
    # create a new iv using random data
    iv = [ord(i) for i in os.urandom(16)]
    moo = AESModeOfOperation()
    (mode, length, ciph) = moo.encrypt(data, mode, key, keysize, iv)
    # With padding, the original length does not need to be known. It's a bad
    # idea to store the original message length.
    # prepend the iv.
    return ''.join(map(chr, iv)) + ''.join(map(chr, ciph))

def decryptData(key, data, mode=AESModeOfOperation.modeOfOperation["CBC"]):
    """decrypt `data` using `key`

    `key` should be a string of bytes.

    `data` should have the initialization vector prepended as a string of
    ordinal values.
    """

    key = map(ord, key)
    keysize = len(key)
    assert keysize in AES.keySize.values(), 'invalid key size: %s' % keysize
    # iv is first 16 bytes
    iv = map(ord, data[:16])
    data = map(ord, data[16:])
    moo = AESModeOfOperation()
    decr = moo.decrypt(data, None, mode, key, keysize, iv)
    if mode == AESModeOfOperation.modeOfOperation["CBC"]:
        decr = strip_PKCS7_padding(decr)
    return decr

def generateRandomKey(keysize):
    """Generates a key from random data of length `keysize`.    
    The returned key is a string of bytes.    
    """
    if keysize not in (16, 24, 32):
        emsg = 'Invalid keysize, %s. Should be one of (16, 24, 32).'
        raise ValueError, emsg % keysize
    return os.urandom(keysize)

def testStr(cleartext, keysize=16, modeName = "CBC"):
    '''Test with random key, choice of mode.'''
    print 'Random key test', 'Mode:', modeName
    print 'cleartext:', cleartext
    key =  generateRandomKey(keysize)
    print 'Key:', [ord(x) for x in key]
    mode = AESModeOfOperation.modeOfOperation[modeName]
    cipher = encryptData(key, cleartext, mode)
    print 'Cipher:', [ord(x) for x in cipher]
    decr = decryptData(key, cipher, mode)
    print 'Decrypted:', decr
    
    
if __name__ == "__main__":
    moo = AESModeOfOperation()
    cleartext = "This is a test with several blocks!"
    cypherkey = [143,194,34,208,145,203,230,143,177,246,97,206,145,92,255,84]
    iv = [103,35,148,239,76,213,47,118,255,222,123,176,106,134,98,92]
    mode, orig_len, ciph = moo.encrypt(cleartext, moo.modeOfOperation["CBC"],
            cypherkey, moo.aes.keySize["SIZE_128"], iv)
    print 'm=%s, ol=%s (%s), ciph=%s' % (mode, orig_len, len(cleartext), ciph)
    decr = moo.decrypt(ciph, orig_len, mode, cypherkey,
            moo.aes.keySize["SIZE_128"], iv)
    print decr
    testStr(cleartext, 16, "CBC")

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#!/usr/bin/python

# aes.py: implements AES - Advanced Encryption Standard

# from the SlowAES project, http://code.google.com/p/slowaes/

# Alex Martelli ( http://www.aleax.it )

# Ported from C code written by Laurent Haan ( http://www.progressive-coding.com )

# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0

# http://www.apache.org/licenses/

import os

import sys

import math

class AES(object):

'''AES funtions for a single block

'''

# Very annoying code: all is for an object, but no state is kept!

# Should just be plain functions in a AES modlule.

# valid key sizes

keySize = dict(SIZE_128=16, SIZE_192=24, SIZE_256=32)

# Rijndael S-box

sbox = [0x63, 0x7c, 0x77, 0x7b, 0xf2, 0x6b, 0x6f, 0xc5, 0x30, 0x01, 0x67,

0x2b, 0xfe, 0xd7, 0xab, 0x76, 0xca, 0x82, 0xc9, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0x59,

0x47, 0xf0, 0xad, 0xd4, 0xa2, 0xaf, 0x9c, 0xa4, 0x72, 0xc0, 0xb7,

0xfd, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3f, 0xf7, 0xcc, 0x34, 0xa5, 0xe5, 0xf1,

0x71, 0xd8, 0x31, 0x15, 0x04, 0xc7, 0x23, 0xc3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05,

0x9a, 0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xe2, 0xeb, 0x27, 0xb2, 0x75, 0x09, 0x83,

0x2c, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x6e, 0x5a, 0xa0, 0x52, 0x3b, 0xd6, 0xb3, 0x29,

0xe3, 0x2f, 0x84, 0x53, 0xd1, 0x00, 0xed, 0x20, 0xfc, 0xb1, 0x5b,

0x6a, 0xcb, 0xbe, 0x39, 0x4a, 0x4c, 0x58, 0xcf, 0xd0, 0xef, 0xaa,

0xfb, 0x43, 0x4d, 0x33, 0x85, 0x45, 0xf9, 0x02, 0x7f, 0x50, 0x3c,

0x9f, 0xa8, 0x51, 0xa3, 0x40, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x9d, 0x38, 0xf5, 0xbc,

0xb6, 0xda, 0x21, 0x10, 0xff, 0xf3, 0xd2, 0xcd, 0x0c, 0x13, 0xec,

0x5f, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17, 0xc4, 0xa7, 0x7e, 0x3d, 0x64, 0x5d, 0x19,

0x73, 0x60, 0x81, 0x4f, 0xdc, 0x22, 0x2a, 0x90, 0x88, 0x46, 0xee,

0xb8, 0x14, 0xde, 0x5e, 0x0b, 0xdb, 0xe0, 0x32, 0x3a, 0x0a, 0x49,

0x06, 0x24, 0x5c, 0xc2, 0xd3, 0xac, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xe4, 0x79,

0xe7, 0xc8, 0x37, 0x6d, 0x8d, 0xd5, 0x4e, 0xa9, 0x6c, 0x56, 0xf4,

0xea, 0x65, 0x7a, 0xae, 0x08, 0xba, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2e, 0x1c, 0xa6,

0xb4, 0xc6, 0xe8, 0xdd, 0x74, 0x1f, 0x4b, 0xbd, 0x8b, 0x8a, 0x70,

0x3e, 0xb5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xf6, 0x0e, 0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xb9,

0x86, 0xc1, 0x1d, 0x9e, 0xe1, 0xf8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xd9, 0x8e,

0x94, 0x9b, 0x1e, 0x87, 0xe9, 0xce, 0x55, 0x28, 0xdf, 0x8c, 0xa1,

0x89, 0x0d, 0xbf, 0xe6, 0x42, 0x68, 0x41, 0x99, 0x2d, 0x0f, 0xb0,

0x54, 0xbb, 0x16]

# Rijndael Inverted S-box

rsbox = [0x52, 0x09, 0x6a, 0xd5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xa5, 0x38, 0xbf, 0x40, 0xa3,

0x9e, 0x81, 0xf3, 0xd7, 0xfb , 0x7c, 0xe3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9b, 0x2f,

0xff, 0x87, 0x34, 0x8e, 0x43, 0x44, 0xc4, 0xde, 0xe9, 0xcb , 0x54,

0x7b, 0x94, 0x32, 0xa6, 0xc2, 0x23, 0x3d, 0xee, 0x4c, 0x95, 0x0b,

0x42, 0xfa, 0xc3, 0x4e , 0x08, 0x2e, 0xa1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xd9, 0x24,

0xb2, 0x76, 0x5b, 0xa2, 0x49, 0x6d, 0x8b, 0xd1, 0x25 , 0x72, 0xf8,

0xf6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16, 0xd4, 0xa4, 0x5c, 0xcc, 0x5d,

0x65, 0xb6, 0x92 , 0x6c, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xfd, 0xed, 0xb9, 0xda,

0x5e, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xa7, 0x8d, 0x9d, 0x84 , 0x90, 0xd8, 0xab,

0x00, 0x8c, 0xbc, 0xd3, 0x0a, 0xf7, 0xe4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xb8, 0xb3,

0x45, 0x06 , 0xd0, 0x2c, 0x1e, 0x8f, 0xca, 0x3f, 0x0f, 0x02, 0xc1,

0xaf, 0xbd, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8a, 0x6b , 0x3a, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41,

0x4f, 0x67, 0xdc, 0xea, 0x97, 0xf2, 0xcf, 0xce, 0xf0, 0xb4, 0xe6,

0x73 , 0x96, 0xac, 0x74, 0x22, 0xe7, 0xad, 0x35, 0x85, 0xe2, 0xf9,

0x37, 0xe8, 0x1c, 0x75, 0xdf, 0x6e , 0x47, 0xf1, 0x1a, 0x71, 0x1d,

0x29, 0xc5, 0x89, 0x6f, 0xb7, 0x62, 0x0e, 0xaa, 0x18, 0xbe, 0x1b ,

0xfc, 0x56, 0x3e, 0x4b, 0xc6, 0xd2, 0x79, 0x20, 0x9a, 0xdb, 0xc0,

0xfe, 0x78, 0xcd, 0x5a, 0xf4 , 0x1f, 0xdd, 0xa8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07,

0xc7, 0x31, 0xb1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xec, 0x5f , 0x60,

0x51, 0x7f, 0xa9, 0x19, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x0d, 0x2d, 0xe5, 0x7a, 0x9f,

0x93, 0xc9, 0x9c, 0xef , 0xa0, 0xe0, 0x3b, 0x4d, 0xae, 0x2a, 0xf5,

0xb0, 0xc8, 0xeb, 0xbb, 0x3c, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61 , 0x17, 0x2b,

0x04, 0x7e, 0xba, 0x77, 0xd6, 0x26, 0xe1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55,

0x21, 0x0c, 0x7d]

def getSBoxValue(self,num):

"""Retrieves a given S-Box Value"""

return self.sbox[num]

def getSBoxInvert(self,num):

"""Retrieves a given Inverted S-Box Value"""

return self.rsbox[num]

def rotate(self, word):

""" Rijndael's key schedule rotate operation.

Rotate a word eight bits to the left: eg, rotate(1d2c3a4f) == 2c3a4f1d

Word is an char list of size 4 (32 bits overall).

"""

return word[1:] + word[:1]

# Rijndael Rcon

Rcon = [0x8d, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36,

0x6c, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x4d, 0x9a, 0x2f, 0x5e, 0xbc, 0x63, 0xc6, 0x97,

0x35, 0x6a, 0xd4, 0xb3, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0xef, 0xc5, 0x91, 0x39, 0x72,

0xe4, 0xd3, 0xbd, 0x61, 0xc2, 0x9f, 0x25, 0x4a, 0x94, 0x33, 0x66,

0xcc, 0x83, 0x1d, 0x3a, 0x74, 0xe8, 0xcb, 0x8d, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04,

0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36, 0x6c, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x4d,

0x9a, 0x2f, 0x5e, 0xbc, 0x63, 0xc6, 0x97, 0x35, 0x6a, 0xd4, 0xb3,

0x7d, 0xfa, 0xef, 0xc5, 0x91, 0x39, 0x72, 0xe4, 0xd3, 0xbd, 0x61,

0xc2, 0x9f, 0x25, 0x4a, 0x94, 0x33, 0x66, 0xcc, 0x83, 0x1d, 0x3a,

0x74, 0xe8, 0xcb, 0x8d, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40,

0x80, 0x1b, 0x36, 0x6c, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x4d, 0x9a, 0x2f, 0x5e, 0xbc,

0x63, 0xc6, 0x97, 0x35, 0x6a, 0xd4, 0xb3, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0xef, 0xc5,

0x91, 0x39, 0x72, 0xe4, 0xd3, 0xbd, 0x61, 0xc2, 0x9f, 0x25, 0x4a,

0x94, 0x33, 0x66, 0xcc, 0x83, 0x1d, 0x3a, 0x74, 0xe8, 0xcb, 0x8d,

0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36, 0x6c,

0xd8, 0xab, 0x4d, 0x9a, 0x2f, 0x5e, 0xbc, 0x63, 0xc6, 0x97, 0x35,

0x6a, 0xd4, 0xb3, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0xef, 0xc5, 0x91, 0x39, 0x72, 0xe4,

0xd3, 0xbd, 0x61, 0xc2, 0x9f, 0x25, 0x4a, 0x94, 0x33, 0x66, 0xcc,

0x83, 0x1d, 0x3a, 0x74, 0xe8, 0xcb, 0x8d, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08,

0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36, 0x6c, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x4d, 0x9a,

0x2f, 0x5e, 0xbc, 0x63, 0xc6, 0x97, 0x35, 0x6a, 0xd4, 0xb3, 0x7d,

0xfa, 0xef, 0xc5, 0x91, 0x39, 0x72, 0xe4, 0xd3, 0xbd, 0x61, 0xc2,

0x9f, 0x25, 0x4a, 0x94, 0x33, 0x66, 0xcc, 0x83, 0x1d, 0x3a, 0x74,

0xe8, 0xcb ]

def getRconValue(self, num):

"""Retrieves a given Rcon Value"""

return self.Rcon[num]

def core(self, word, iteration):

"""Key schedule core."""

# rotate the 32-bit word 8 bits to the left

word = self.rotate(word)

# apply S-Box substitution on all 4 parts of the 32-bit word

for i in range(4):

word[i] = self.getSBoxValue(word[i])

# XOR the output of the rcon operation with i to the first part

# (leftmost) only

word[0] = word[0] ^ self.getRconValue(iteration)

return word

def expandKey(self, key, size, expandedKeySize):

"""Rijndael's key expansion.

Expands an 128,192,256 key into an 176,208,240 bytes key

expandedKey is a char list of large enough size,

key is the non-expanded key.

"""

# current expanded keySize, in bytes

currentSize = 0

rconIteration = 1

expandedKey = [0] * expandedKeySize

# set the 16, 24, 32 bytes of the expanded key to the input key

for j in range(size):

expandedKey[j] = key[j]

currentSize += size

while currentSize < expandedKeySize:

# assign the previous 4 bytes to the temporary value t

t = expandedKey[currentSize-4:currentSize]

# every 16,24,32 bytes we apply the core schedule to t

# and increment rconIteration afterwards

if currentSize % size == 0:

t = self.core(t, rconIteration)

rconIteration += 1

# For 256-bit keys, we add an extra sbox to the calculation

if size == self.keySize["SIZE_256"] and ((currentSize % size) == 16):

for l in range(4): t[l] = self.getSBoxValue(t[l])

# We XOR t with the four-byte block 16,24,32 bytes before the new

# expanded key. This becomes the next four bytes in the expanded

# key.

for m in range(4):

expandedKey[currentSize] = expandedKey[currentSize - size] ^ \

t[m]

currentSize += 1

return expandedKey

def addRoundKey(self, state, roundKey):

"""Adds (XORs) the round key to the state."""

for i in range(16):

state[i] ^= roundKey[i]

return state

def createRoundKey(self, expandedKey, roundKeyPointer):

"""Create a round key.

Creates a round key from the given expanded key and the

position within the expanded key.

"""

roundKey = [0] * 16

for i in range(4):

for j in range(4):

roundKey[j*4+i] = expandedKey[roundKeyPointer + i*4 + j]

return roundKey

def galois_multiplication(self, a, b):

"""Galois multiplication of 8 bit characters a and b."""

p = 0

for counter in range(8):

if b & 1: p ^= a

hi_bit_set = a & 0x80

a <<= 1

# keep a 8 bit

a &= 0xFF

if hi_bit_set:

a ^= 0x1b

b >>= 1

return p

# substitute all the values from the state with the value in the SBox

# using the state value as index for the SBox

def subBytes(self, state, isInv):

if isInv: getter = self.getSBoxInvert

else: getter = self.getSBoxValue

for i in range(16): state[i] = getter(state[i])

return state

# iterate over the 4 rows and call shiftRow() with that row

def shiftRows(self, state, isInv):

for i in range(4):

state = self.shiftRow(state, i*4, i, isInv)

return state

# each iteration shifts the row to the left by 1

def shiftRow(self, state, statePointer, nbr, isInv):

for i in range(nbr):

if isInv:

state[statePointer:statePointer+4] = \

state[statePointer+3:statePointer+4] + \

state[statePointer:statePointer+3]

else:

state[statePointer:statePointer+4] = \

state[statePointer+1:statePointer+4] + \

state[statePointer:statePointer+1]

return state

# galois multiplication of the 4x4 matrix

def mixColumns(self, state, isInv):

# iterate over the 4 columns

for i in range(4):

# construct one column by slicing over the 4 rows

column = state[i:i+16:4]

# apply the mixColumn on one column

column = self.mixColumn(column, isInv)

# put the values back into the state

state[i:i+16:4] = column

return state

# galois multiplication of 1 column of the 4x4 matrix

def mixColumn(self, column, isInv):

if isInv: mult = [14, 9, 13, 11]

else: mult = [2, 1, 1, 3]

cpy = list(column)

g = self.galois_multiplication

column[0] = g(cpy[0], mult[0]) ^ g(cpy[3], mult[1]) ^ \

g(cpy[2], mult[2]) ^ g(cpy[1], mult[3])

column[1] = g(cpy[1], mult[0]) ^ g(cpy[0], mult[1]) ^ \

g(cpy[3], mult[2]) ^ g(cpy[2], mult[3])

column[2] = g(cpy[2], mult[0]) ^ g(cpy[1], mult[1]) ^ \

g(cpy[0], mult[2]) ^ g(cpy[3], mult[3])

column[3] = g(cpy[3], mult[0]) ^ g(cpy[2], mult[1]) ^ \

g(cpy[1], mult[2]) ^ g(cpy[0], mult[3])

return column

# applies the 4 operations of the forward round in sequence

def aes_round(self, state, roundKey):

state = self.subBytes(state, False)

state = self.shiftRows(state, False)

state = self.mixColumns(state, False)

state = self.addRoundKey(state, roundKey)

return state

# applies the 4 operations of the inverse round in sequence

def aes_invRound(self, state, roundKey):

state = self.shiftRows(state, True)

state = self.subBytes(state, True)

state = self.addRoundKey(state, roundKey)

state = self.mixColumns(state, True)

return state

# Perform the initial operations, the standard round, and the final

# operations of the forward aes, creating a round key for each round

def aes_main(self, state, expandedKey, nbrRounds):

state = self.addRoundKey(state, self.createRoundKey(expandedKey, 0))

i = 1

while i < nbrRounds:

state = self.aes_round(state,

self.createRoundKey(expandedKey, 16*i))

i += 1

state = self.subBytes(state, False)

state = self.shiftRows(state, False)

state = self.addRoundKey(state,

self.createRoundKey(expandedKey, 16*nbrRounds))

return state

# Perform the initial operations, the standard round, and the final

# operations of the inverse aes, creating a round key for each round

def aes_invMain(self, state, expandedKey, nbrRounds):

state = self.addRoundKey(state,

self.createRoundKey(expandedKey, 16*nbrRounds))

i = nbrRounds - 1

while i > 0:

state = self.aes_invRound(state,

self.createRoundKey(expandedKey, 16*i))

i -= 1

state = self.shiftRows(state, True)

state = self.subBytes(state, True)

state = self.addRoundKey(state, self.createRoundKey(expandedKey, 0))

return state

# encrypts a 128 bit input block against the given key of size specified

def encrypt(self, iput, key, size):

output = [0] * 16

# the number of rounds

nbrRounds = 0

# the 128 bit block to encode

block = [0] * 16

# set the number of rounds

if size == self.keySize["SIZE_128"]: nbrRounds = 10

elif size == self.keySize["SIZE_192"]: nbrRounds = 12

elif size == self.keySize["SIZE_256"]: nbrRounds = 14

else: return None

# the expanded keySize

expandedKeySize = 16*(nbrRounds+1)

# Set the block values, for the block:

# a0,0 a0,1 a0,2 a0,3

# a1,0 a1,1 a1,2 a1,3

# a2,0 a2,1 a2,2 a2,3

# a3,0 a3,1 a3,2 a3,3

# the mapping order is a0,0 a1,0 a2,0 a3,0 a0,1 a1,1 ... a2,3 a3,3

# iterate over the columns

for i in range(4):

# iterate over the rows

for j in range(4):

block[(i+(j*4))] = iput[(i*4)+j]

# expand the key into an 176, 208, 240 bytes key

# the expanded key

expandedKey = self.expandKey(key, size, expandedKeySize)

# encrypt the block using the expandedKey

block = self.aes_main(block, expandedKey, nbrRounds)

# unmap the block again into the output

for k in range(4):

# iterate over the rows

for l in range(4):

output[(k*4)+l] = block[(k+(l*4))]

return output

# decrypts a 128 bit input block against the given key of size specified

def decrypt(self, iput, key, size):

output = [0] * 16

# the number of rounds

nbrRounds = 0

# the 128 bit block to decode

block = [0] * 16

# set the number of rounds

if size == self.keySize["SIZE_128"]: nbrRounds = 10

elif size == self.keySize["SIZE_192"]: nbrRounds = 12

elif size == self.keySize["SIZE_256"]: nbrRounds = 14

else: return None

# the expanded keySize

expandedKeySize = 16*(nbrRounds+1)

# Set the block values, for the block:

# a0,0 a0,1 a0,2 a0,3

# a1,0 a1,1 a1,2 a1,3

# a2,0 a2,1 a2,2 a2,3

# a3,0 a3,1 a3,2 a3,3

# the mapping order is a0,0 a1,0 a2,0 a3,0 a0,1 a1,1 ... a2,3 a3,3

# iterate over the columns

for i in range(4):

# iterate over the rows

for j in range(4):

block[(i+(j*4))] = iput[(i*4)+j]

# expand the key into an 176, 208, 240 bytes key

expandedKey = self.expandKey(key, size, expandedKeySize)

# decrypt the block using the expandedKey

block = self.aes_invMain(block, expandedKey, nbrRounds)

# unmap the block again into the output

for k in range(4):

# iterate over the rows

for l in range(4):

output[(k*4)+l] = block[(k+(l*4))]

return output

class AESModeOfOperation(object):

'''Handles AES with plaintext consistingof multiple blocks.

Choice of block encoding modes: OFT, CFB, CBC

'''

# Very annoying code: all is for an object, but no state is kept!

# Should just be plain functions in an AES_BlockMode module.

aes = AES()

# structure of supported modes of operation

modeOfOperation = dict(OFB=0, CFB=1, CBC=2)

# converts a 16 character string into a number array

def convertString(self, string, start, end, mode):

if end - start > 16: end = start + 16

if mode == self.modeOfOperation["CBC"]: ar = [0] * 16

else: ar = []

i = start

j = 0

while len(ar) < end - start:

ar.append(0)

while i < end:

ar[j] = ord(string[i])

j += 1

i += 1

return ar

# Mode of Operation Encryption

# stringIn - Input String

# mode - mode of type modeOfOperation

# hexKey - a hex key of the bit length size

# size - the bit length of the key

# hexIV - the 128 bit hex Initilization Vector

def encrypt(self, stringIn, mode, key, size, IV):

if len(key) % size:

return None

if len(IV) % 16:

return None

# the AES input/output

plaintext = []

iput = [0] * 16

output = []

ciphertext = [0] * 16

# the output cipher string

cipherOut = []

# char firstRound

firstRound = True

if stringIn != None:

for j in range(int(math.ceil(float(len(stringIn))/16))):

start = j*16

end = j*16+16

if end > len(stringIn):

end = len(stringIn)

plaintext = self.convertString(stringIn, start, end, mode)

# print 'PT@%s:%s' % (j, plaintext)

if mode == self.modeOfOperation["CFB"]:

if firstRound:

output = self.aes.encrypt(IV, key, size)

firstRound = False

else:

output = self.aes.encrypt(iput, key, size)

for i in range(16):

if len(plaintext)-1 < i:

ciphertext[i] = 0 ^ output[i]

elif len(output)-1 < i:

ciphertext[i] = plaintext[i] ^ 0

elif len(plaintext)-1 < i and len(output) < i:

ciphertext[i] = 0 ^ 0

else:

ciphertext[i] = plaintext[i] ^ output[i]

for k in range(end-start):

cipherOut.append(ciphertext[k])

iput = ciphertext

elif mode == self.modeOfOperation["OFB"]:

if firstRound:

output = self.aes.encrypt(IV, key, size)

firstRound = False

else:

output = self.aes.encrypt(iput, key, size)

for i in range(16):

if len(plaintext)-1 < i:

ciphertext[i] = 0 ^ output[i]

elif len(output)-1 < i:

ciphertext[i] = plaintext[i] ^ 0

elif len(plaintext)-1 < i and len(output) < i:

ciphertext[i] = 0 ^ 0

else:

ciphertext[i] = plaintext[i] ^ output[i]

for k in range(end-start):

cipherOut.append(ciphertext[k])

iput = output

elif mode == self.modeOfOperation["CBC"]:

for i in range(16):

if firstRound:

iput[i] = plaintext[i] ^ IV[i]

else:

iput[i] = plaintext[i] ^ ciphertext[i]

# print 'IP@%s:%s' % (j, iput)

firstRound = False

ciphertext = self.aes.encrypt(iput, key, size)

# always 16 bytes because of the padding for CBC

for k in range(16):

cipherOut.append(ciphertext[k])

return mode, len(stringIn), cipherOut

# Mode of Operation Decryption

# cipherIn - Encrypted String

# originalsize - The unencrypted string length - required for CBC

# mode - mode of type modeOfOperation

# key - a number array of the bit length size

# size - the bit length of the key

# IV - the 128 bit number array Initilization Vector

def decrypt(self, cipherIn, originalsize, mode, key, size, IV):

# cipherIn = unescCtrlChars(cipherIn)

if len(key) % size:

return None

if len(IV) % 16:

return None

# the AES input/output

ciphertext = []

iput = []

output = []

plaintext = [0] * 16

# the output plain text character list

chrOut = []

# char firstRound

firstRound = True

if cipherIn != None:

for j in range(int(math.ceil(float(len(cipherIn))/16))):

start = j*16

end = j*16+16

if j*16+16 > len(cipherIn):

end = len(cipherIn)

ciphertext = cipherIn[start:end]

if mode == self.modeOfOperation["CFB"]:

if firstRound:

output = self.aes.encrypt(IV, key, size)

firstRound = False

else:

output = self.aes.encrypt(iput, key, size)

for i in range(16):

if len(output)-1 < i:

plaintext[i] = 0 ^ ciphertext[i]

elif len(ciphertext)-1 < i:

plaintext[i] = output[i] ^ 0

elif len(output)-1 < i and len(ciphertext) < i:

plaintext[i] = 0 ^ 0

else:

plaintext[i] = output[i] ^ ciphertext[i]

for k in range(end-start):

chrOut.append(chr(plaintext[k]))

iput = ciphertext

elif mode == self.modeOfOperation["OFB"]:

if firstRound:

output = self.aes.encrypt(IV, key, size)

firstRound = False

else:

output = self.aes.encrypt(iput, key, size)

for i in range(16):

if len(output)-1 < i:

plaintext[i] = 0 ^ ciphertext[i]

elif len(ciphertext)-1 < i:

plaintext[i] = output[i] ^ 0

elif len(output)-1 < i and len(ciphertext) < i:

plaintext[i] = 0 ^ 0

else:

plaintext[i] = output[i] ^ ciphertext[i]

for k in range(end-start):

chrOut.append(chr(plaintext[k]))

iput = output

elif mode == self.modeOfOperation["CBC"]:

output = self.aes.decrypt(ciphertext, key, size)

for i in range(16):

if firstRound:

plaintext[i] = IV[i] ^ output[i]

else:

plaintext[i] = iput[i] ^ output[i]

firstRound = False

if originalsize is not None and originalsize < end:

for k in range(originalsize-start):

chrOut.append(chr(plaintext[k]))

else:

for k in range(end-start):

chrOut.append(chr(plaintext[k]))

iput = ciphertext

return "".join(chrOut)

def append_PKCS7_padding(s):

"""return s padded to a multiple of 16-bytes by PKCS7 padding"""

numpads = 16 - (len(s)%16)

return s + numpads*chr(numpads)

def strip_PKCS7_padding(s):

"""return s stripped of PKCS7 padding"""

if len(s)%16 or not s:

raise ValueError("String of len %d can't be PCKS7-padded" % len(s))

numpads = ord(s[-1])

if numpads > 16:

raise ValueError("String ending with %r can't be PCKS7-padded" % s[-1])

return s[:-numpads]

def encryptData(key, data, mode=AESModeOfOperation.modeOfOperation["CBC"]):

"""encrypt `data` using `key`

`key` should be a string of bytes.

returned cipher is a string of bytes prepended with the initialization

vector.

"""

key = map(ord, key)

if mode == AESModeOfOperation.modeOfOperation["CBC"]:

data = append_PKCS7_padding(data)

keysize = len(key)

assert keysize in AES.keySize.values(), 'invalid key size: %s' % keysize

# create a new iv using random data

iv = [ord(i) for i in os.urandom(16)]

moo = AESModeOfOperation()

(mode, length, ciph) = moo.encrypt(data, mode, key, keysize, iv)

# With padding, the original length does not need to be known. It's a bad

# idea to store the original message length.

# prepend the iv.

return ''.join(map(chr, iv)) + ''.join(map(chr, ciph))

def decryptData(key, data, mode=AESModeOfOperation.modeOfOperation["CBC"]):

"""decrypt `data` using `key`

`key` should be a string of bytes.

`data` should have the initialization vector prepended as a string of

ordinal values.

"""

key = map(ord, key)

keysize = len(key)

assert keysize in AES.keySize.values(), 'invalid key size: %s' % keysize

# iv is first 16 bytes

iv = map(ord, data[:16])

data = map(ord, data[16:])

moo = AESModeOfOperation()

decr = moo.decrypt(data, None, mode, key, keysize, iv)

if mode == AESModeOfOperation.modeOfOperation["CBC"]:

decr = strip_PKCS7_padding(decr)

return decr

def generateRandomKey(keysize):

"""Generates a key from random data of length `keysize`.

The returned key is a string of bytes.

"""

if keysize not in (16, 24, 32):

emsg = 'Invalid keysize, %s. Should be one of (16, 24, 32).'

raise ValueError, emsg % keysize

return os.urandom(keysize)

def testStr(cleartext, keysize=16, modeName = "CBC"):

'''Test with random key, choice of mode.'''

print 'Random key test', 'Mode:', modeName

print 'cleartext:', cleartext

key = generateRandomKey(keysize)

print 'Key:', [ord(x) for x in key]

mode = AESModeOfOperation.modeOfOperation[modeName]

cipher = encryptData(key, cleartext, mode)

print 'Cipher:', [ord(x) for x in cipher]

decr = decryptData(key, cipher, mode)

print 'Decrypted:', decr

if __name__ == "__main__":

moo = AESModeOfOperation()

cleartext = "This is a test with several blocks!"

cypherkey = [143,194,34,208,145,203,230,143,177,246,97,206,145,92,255,84]

iv = [103,35,148,239,76,213,47,118,255,222,123,176,106,134,98,92]

mode, orig_len, ciph = moo.encrypt(cleartext, moo.modeOfOperation["CBC"],

cypherkey, moo.aes.keySize["SIZE_128"], iv)

print 'm=%s, ol=%s (%s), ciph=%s' % (mode, orig_len, len(cleartext), ciph)

decr = moo.decrypt(ciph, orig_len, mode, cypherkey,

moo.aes.keySize["SIZE_128"], iv)

print decr

testStr(cleartext, 16, "CBC")

日期: 2021 年 6 月 19 日

Python编写AES加密代码

参考链接

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